Management approaches in the field of smart
Fahime Mahavarpour; Feiz Davood; Morteza Maleki Min Bash Razgah
Abstract
Augmented reality technology has emerged as one of the main trends in the digital market in recent years. This new technology has been successively used in innovative businesses due to its attractiveness and potential. The aim of the current research was a systematic and comprehensive review ...
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Augmented reality technology has emerged as one of the main trends in the digital market in recent years. This new technology has been successively used in innovative businesses due to its attractiveness and potential. The aim of the current research was a systematic and comprehensive review in the form of a bibliometric approach on the citation data of the purchase decision-making literature based on augmented reality technology. A pragmatic paradigm allowed the researcher to collect citation data from the Scopus database in a systematic strategy and preprocess it in the form of the standard Prism protocol. Finally, 239 studies were included in the bibliometric analysis basket by R Studio and Vosviewer software. The final results in the functional section identified the most influential documents, authors, journals, organizations, and countries, and then added highlights to buyer behavior and purchase decision-making with augmented reality technology in virtual businesses in the form of interaction patterns between elements and data content analysis.. It is also worth noting that this concept mainly revolves around five main areas: the virtual and psychological experiences of shoppers in online shopping with augmented reality; The effects of artificial intelligence on new technologies in the behavior of buyers; virtual and psychological experiences of buyers in online shopping with augmented reality; Interactions of technology, perceived value and cognition on shoppers' experience in retail using mobile augmented reality; The role of augmented reality technology in purchasing decisions and smart purchases in virtual space. The influential school of augmented reality technology in buyers' decision-making is related to the stimulus-organism-response theory, which formed the intellectual foundation of this field.
Introduction
Try to conduct marketing without using augmented reality technology; you will not succeed. Try to create an inspiring marketing strategy without augmented reality technology; this will not be effective either. While traditional marketing is effective, it involves high costs and difficulties in engaging and providing personalized services to customers, as it cannot adjust services to recognize customers' needs or expectations. Marketing with this novel technology (AR) represents a new and potentially impactful subfield that has transformed how buyers experience goods and services. Augmented reality aids in the development of marketing, offering benefits that enhance the company's image, strengthen customer interaction, and increase sales. These advanced new technologies have already positively boosted marketing. AR technology is in its early stages and there are ample opportunities for its improvement. This innovative technology (AR) provides an excellent option for enriching perceptual and interactive desires. While many established consumer behavior theories may extend naturally into virtual spaces, many of them may require significant updates to align with buyers' search, selection, and usage practices. During purchase decision-making, whether interacting with physical or online stores, buyers encounter various touchpoints that determine the shopping experience. Academic knowledge is expanding exponentially. This has made it challenging to keep up with the latest innovations in research and evaluate the collective evidence in a particular field of study. One such database is Scopus, created in 2004 and published by Elsevier. Managing such knowledge using traditional tools and techniques is difficult, if not unlikely, due to the rapid growth. This is why literature review as a research method has become more popular than ever in various natural and social science disciplines. The purpose of a systematic review is to identify all empirical evidence that meets pre-specified criteria to answer a specific research question or hypothesis. Bibliometrics is a new style of theoretical literature review and a type of systematic review that has created related theories and bibliometric analysis in various fields of knowledge, including management sciences. The value of bibliometric methods lies in their ability to analyze the evolution of scientific literature over time and reveal intellectual relationships in this field. Therefore, based on the present research problem, which seeks to describe performance indicators, examine the interactive patterns of these indicators, and analyze the content of citation information in the field of augmented reality technology in the academic space, the researcher aims to demonstrate the study gap in this field and contribute to filling the knowledge gap. In the introduction section, a systematic methodology is first defined to specify the steps for collecting, preprocessing, and analyzing information. Then, in the results section, an objective and tangible interpretation is provided using tables and charts from professional bibliometric software. Finally, the obtained results are discussed and concluded within the context of expanding the present literature.
Methodology
Systematic reviews indicate a precise approach to integrating and evaluating scientific evidence literature reviews are no exception and are guided by a systematic process. This process aids researchers in systematically and comprehensively gathering, analyzing, and evaluating existing studies, providing an overall picture of the state and trends within a scientific field. Compared to systematic literature reviews, this method helps prevent author bias. The present bibliometric methodology emerges from a pragmatic paradigm that designs various stages of research based on common assumptions and beliefs among review researchers Based on the outputs of scientific research, the researcher has the freedom to use various quantitative and qualitative approaches within this philosophical framework. According to bibliometric studies, the methodology of bibliometric research consists of five steps, which are detailed below.
Chart 3: The Methodological Process of Bibliometric Studies (Moradi & Miralmasi, 2020b, p. 570)
Results
In this study, the focus is on the topic of augmented reality technology and its evolution up to the year 2024. While augmented reality technology saw erratic growth in buyer behavior and purchase decision-making during its nascent stage up to 2015, this was largely due to the limited understanding of its long-term effects owing to the lack of metrics, measurable elements, and research studies at that time.
There is a 50-year span of articles, indicating over half a century of discussion surrounding augmented reality technology. However, from 2015 onwards, it has experienced an annual growth rate of 25.92%, showing an upward trend.
Approximately 36.46% of the research has been authored through international collaborations, as this field requires expertise from various research disciplines.
Developing countries, despite having fewer scientific outputs, publish their articles as international collaborative studies to ensure publication in reputable journals and to increase citations to their studies.
Keywords: Augmented Reality Technology, Marketing, Buyer Decision Making, Buyer Behavior, Virtual Businesses.
Management approaches in the field of smart
Fahime Mahavarpour; feiz davood; Morteza Maleki MinBashRazgah
Abstract
Augmented Reality (AR) is an emerging topic for managers across different disciplines While augmented reality technology literature is growing, there is no comprehensive analysis of augmented reality technology in marketing transformation The research aims to bridge the knowledge gap by providing a multifaceted ...
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Augmented Reality (AR) is an emerging topic for managers across different disciplines While augmented reality technology literature is growing, there is no comprehensive analysis of augmented reality technology in marketing transformation The research aims to bridge the knowledge gap by providing a multifaceted bibliographic overview of augmented reality technology literature in marketing and reveal its trends, areas of focus and intellectual foundations. The study is based on 496 articles published on Web of Science between 1996 and 2023. According to the findings, the concept mainly revolves around seven main areas: human-machine interaction in future of digital marketing and Metaverse, advertising and customer response in online purchases, marketing challenges in industry 4 and new technologies, the effect of virtual technology on customer loyalty in retail, adoption of behavioral technology of Tourism customers, augmented reality technology marketing in the decision-making process of buyers and brands, and finally the richness of social media in e-commerce in Covid 19. While priorities and research topics have evolved over time, key concepts such as buying experience, shopper behavior, buying decision making, technology adoption have been repeated. The three influential schools of augmented reality technology in marketing are associated with integrated theory, planned behavior theory (TPB) and cognitive evaluation theory that have shaped the intellectual foundations of the discipline but we believe that a greater diversity of fields is needed to examine and describe augmented reality technology in marketing transformation.
Introduction
Global data paint a promising future for Augmented Reality (AR) technology in the retail industry. The concept of Augmented Reality (AR) is multifaceted, encompassing a diverse spectrum of disciplines that offer a comprehensive assessment of practical knowledge in AR marketing. Consequently, the knowledge base of (AR) in marketing is discrete, and crafting a comprehensive map of all knowledge forms, spanning various dimensions and relevant aspects, poses a challenge. Current efforts in this regard, focusing on evolving developments, include a systematic study analyzing the directions and marketing aspects of AR technology (Jayaswal, P., & Parida, B. 2023). The objective of systematic reviews is to dissect and evaluate the various approaches and orientations adopted by studies, through extensive analysis, to unearth the evolutionary aspects of the subject (Romaní, F., Huamaní, C., & González-Alcaide, g. 2011). Bibliometrics, a methodological concept used in the field of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, enables the study of scholarly activity (Vosgerau, D. S. A. R., & Romanowski, J. p. 2014). Firstly, this systematic review provides insights into a diverse range of interpretations of scientists, references, journals, organizations, and countries that establish the groundwork for defining the scope, conceptualization, and performance of a specific field. Secondly, bibliometric analysis reveals the structure of knowledge, focal areas, and subtopics, aiding in the scientific mapping of a field. However, recent systematic research in (AR) technology in marketing has overlooked the evolution of (AR) technology. The recent study conducted by researchers Jayaswal, P., and Parida, titled "Past, Present, and Future of Augmented Reality Marketing Research: A bibliometric and thematic analysis approach," sufficiently maps the current marketing process and the evolution of (AR) marketing. Therefore, in this study, the researcher initially delved into systematic marketing analysis of (AR) technology, clustering (AR) technology evolution in marketing through bibliometric analysis. As a result, the research objectives were defined in two sections based on systematic methodology:
Performance Objectives:
Identification of growth or decline trends in AR technology marketing studies.
Identification of the most influential authors in AR technology marketing.
Identification of the most influential countries in AR technology marketing.
Network Objectives:
Identification of the most effective co-citation patterns.
Identification of the most effective co-authorship patterns.
Identification of the most effective co-citation patterns (Moradi & Miralmasi, 2020).
This research is organized as follows to address these questions: Section 2 demonstrates the methods used and outlines exclusion criteria for analysis. Section 3 presents findings and discussions related to the questions. In the final section, the evaluation concludes with some suggestions for further work.
Literature Review
Augmented reality technology enhances consumers' online shopping experience and influences consumers' purchasing decisions. Augmented reality (AR) technology is different from other virtual reality (VR) technologies. Augmented reality (AR) technology describes the visual alignment of virtual content with real-world contexts (Wang., Cao., & Ameen. 2023). Loyalty represents customers' commitment to the mall and their intention to revisit it and give positive recommendations. According to (Ambik., Shin., & Jain,. 2023.), the concept of loyalty is based on behavioral loyalty (which focuses on repurchase and patronage behavior) and attitudinal loyalty (which focuses on the customer's evaluation of how close the shopping center is to their expectations) (Ameen,Hosany & Paul, 2022).Advances in technology and the use of interactive technologies, in particular, have completely transformed the consumer shopping experience and consumer interaction landscape. Augmented reality technology is an immersive technology that creates a highly exciting and enjoyable experience. The value of pleasure produced by augmented reality technology significantly affects behavioral intentions (Kumar,.2022).
Methodology
Augmented Reality (AR) technology in marketing is developing and advancing. A large number of articles are published annually in the field of marketing. The growing volume of literature on this subject necessitates an examination of the evolution of this field and the identification of the current state of knowledge in this area. A systematic approach is required for this study to ensure the quality of the systematic review report. Therefore, to ensure the quality of the systematic review, we applied the "PRISM" checklist. This checklist is available at http://prisma-statement.org/PRISMAstatement/checklist.aspx (accessed on September 7, 2021) and consists of four consecutive stages: identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion, designed to assist authors in conducting better systematic reviews. The researcher preprocessed the researcher and citation data in the form of a PRISM protocol and imported them into the VOSviewer software based on the positivist paradigm, and subjected them to analytical decomposition. VOSviewer software is a widely used tool with a graphical interface designed for creating bibliometric networks of journals, authors, publications, organizations (universities), and countries active in a particular field (Sharifi, 2020). This platform has been significantly utilized in studies and contains over one billion cited reference links and rich bibliometric data collected over the past decades, enabling researchers to perform various analyses in bibliometric software tools like VOSviewer. The researchers of the current study designed an extensive search query to analyze studies related to Augmented Reality (AR) technology in marketing. The keywords in the search command in the Web of Science database include title, abstract, and keywords. The search phrase in the Web of Science database includes marketing and Augmented Reality technology terms, as stated in the search command (Table 1).
Key words in search command
((“augmented reality” AND (marketing* OR purchase decision* OR Advertising* OR Consumer behavior* OR marketplace OR sale* OR Consumer* OR trading* OR promotion OR sell* OR buying* OR retail*OR business OR distribution OR purchasing OR product* OR Price OR packing OR Innovation*)).
The search link from the webofscience database contains
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/summary/b3f9ea0b-63d7-4bae-ba10-286acc21de22-9b5ee768/relevance/1
Results
Since the publication of the first article in 1996, approximately 496 augmented reality (AR) technology articles in marketing have been published in the Web of Science database until 2023. This figure indicates an irregular publication trend, with an exponential increase in the number of publications since 2015, where about 50% of the journals have been published in the past three years. The study years (2023-1996) are classified into two categories based on the publication rate. The initial period includes the years 1996 to 2020, a time when publication rates were slow and fluctuating. Overall, only 128 articles (25% of the sample) were published during this period. The second period includes the years 2020 to 2023, during which publication rates have increased, with a total of only 496 articles (75% of the sample) published during this period. We will address several factors contributing to the accelerated growth rate of research publications over these periods, especially during the second period from 2020 to 2023
Keywords: Marketing, Augmented Reality Technology, Bibliometrics.
Moein Abdolmohamad Sagha; Morteza Hendijani Fard; Alireza Kooshki Jahromi
Abstract
This paper aims at comparing the banks’ activities in the social networks using the content analysis method. In this study, 54 profiles for 14 external and internal banks in 4 popular social networks are analyzed. The banks are chosen using the purposive sampling method. Results show that most ...
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This paper aims at comparing the banks’ activities in the social networks using the content analysis method. In this study, 54 profiles for 14 external and internal banks in 4 popular social networks are analyzed. The banks are chosen using the purposive sampling method. Results show that most banks use missions/goals on their social page to explain the bank information. They use the augmented product to present the product information. They use the company image to explain corporate identity. They use meetings and conferences to present bank events. They use music style for their videos. They use lifestyle pictures for their photos. They use information support for customer support. They use intimate/ interactive/ harmonious/ poetic style for their slogan and use their campaign albums for their albums. They also use sport and environmental issues to explain their corporate social responsibility. Moreover, they use services as the bank’s marketing messages. They use news announcements to release information. Furthermore, they use social responsibility and public consultation for socialization and finally, they use public partnerships for interactive customer engagement.
