Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Assistant professor, Applied Mathematics Department, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Corresponding Author: D_darvishi@pnu.ac.ir
2 Master of Economics, Paya me Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Balbosar, Iran
Abstract
The industrial revolution has affected the economy and various industries. Technology is the main factor of the fourth industrial revolution, which has a significant impact on tourism. The development of information technology and intelligence has led to the transformation of the tourism industry and creates a lot of competition and makes many developers of the tourism sector to engage in real innovations to attract tourists. Therefore, to investigate the smart economy in tourism, this study tries to evaluate the indicators of the smart tourism economy in Iran by using a model based on the best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method. For this purpose, first, by studying the research literature and the opinions of experts in the field of tourism, the effective dimensions and indicators of the smart economy in the tourism industry have been determined. According to experts, the best-worst method, increasing attractions and activities is the most important criterion in the economy of smart tourism. In addition, creating new markets for selling domestic products and using information technology are placed in the second and third priorities, respectively. The results of this research show that managers of the tourism industry should focus on increasing attractions, introducing services related to tourism information through smart tools, using online markets or e-commerce and making more use of the information technology platform.
Keywords
باقری، مسلم.، نیکبخت، امین.، (1399)، از انقلاب صنعتی چهارم تا صنعت گردشگری 4.0، چهارمین کنفرانس بین‌المللی سالانه تحولات نوین در مدیریت، اقتصاد و حسابداری.
تقوی فرد، م.، اسدیان اردکانی، ف.، (1396). «ارائه الگوی توسعه گردشگری الکترونیک با رویکرد مدل‌سازی ساختاری-تفسیری». مجله مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری. 33 (11)، 19-39. doi: https://doi.org/10.22054/tms.2016.4162
دشت لعلی، زهرا.، علیقلی، منصوره.، نوربخش، س کامران.، (1398). شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر گردشگری هوشمند در ایران (مطالعه موردی: اصفهان)، فصلنامه مدیریت بازرگانی، شماره 8..
رسول زاده، ای.، میرمحمدتبار، س.، عدلی پور، س. م.، زینی وند، ی. (1396). فرصت‌ها و محدودیت‌های صنعت گردشگری در ایران. مجله مطالعات جامعه شناسی، 8 (30) 63-80.
زنگویی، فرنوش.، خرازی. م. الف.، زهرا.، صالحی. سه، جمشید.، (1399)، شناسایی مؤلفه‌های هوشمند سازی صنعت گردشگری در ایران، مجله علمی مطالعات مدیریت کسب‌وکار هوشمند - سال هشتم - شماره 3.doi: 10.22054/IMS.2020.47173.1607
شیرخدایی، میثم.، فلاح لاجیمی، حمیدرضا.، فضل‌الله تبار لداری، مریم. (1397). «استفاده ضد بازاریابی تنباکو و اولویت‌بندی استراتژی‌ها با استفاده از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره»، مجله مدیریت بازرگانی، 10 (3)، 547-566.
doi: 10.22059/jibm.2018.249042.2895
کوکبی، لیلا.، برمایه ور، بهنود.، (1398). ایجاد یک فضای هوشمند گردشگری از طریق تعاملات دیجیتالی: پیشنهاد یک مدل مفهومی سایبرپارک، مجله گردشگری شهری جلد. 7، شماره 1. doi: 10.22059/JUT.2019.281556.657
محقر، علی. حسینی دهشیری.، سید جلال‌الدین، عرب، علیرضا. (1397). بررسی و ارزیابی ریسک‌های پروژه بر اساس بهترین و بدترین رویکرد. تحقیق مدیریت منابع سازمانی. 2 (7)، 157-173.
مرادی، محمدعلی.، هدایتی، محمدرضا.، (1397). طراحی مدل تکاملی گذار ایران به اقتصاد دیجیتال. مجله تحقیقات اقتصادی. 68 (18)، 219-2 51. doi: https://doi.org/10.22054/joer.2018.8692
مولایی، فهیمه.، کرک آبادی، زینب.، کامیابی، سعید. (1398)، نیازسنجی ایجاد دهکده گردشگری هوشمند در بندر انزلی، مجله گردشگری شهری، جلد. 7، شماره 4.
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Drozdowski, G. (2021)., Economic calculus qua an instrument to support sustainable development under increasing risk. J. Risk Financ. Manag.14, 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14010015.
Fayssa, B. Nsiah, C. and Tadasse, B. (2007). "The impact of tourism on economic growth and development in Africa Middle Tennessee State University", Department of Economics and Finance Working Papers Series, 14 (4), 807-818. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000008786440229
Giduma, JacquesBulchand., (2022), Post-COVID-19 recovery of island tourism using a smart tourism destination framework,
Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, Volume 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2022.100689.
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Gossling, S. (2016). "Tourism, information technologies and sustainability: an exploratory review". Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25 (7), 1024-1041,
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Matos, A., Pinto, B., Barros, F., Martins, S., Martins, J., & Au YongOliveira, M. (2019). Smart Cities and Smart Tourism: What Future Do They Bring? Proceedings of World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, Pp. 358-370.
Rezaei, J. (2015). Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method: Some properties and a linear model, Omega, Volume 64, October 2016, Pages126-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2015.12.001.
Ronay, E. and Egger, R. (2013). "NFC Smart City: Cities of the Future- a Scenario Technique Application. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014", Springer, 565-577.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-03973-2_41
Sajid Khan, M. Mina, W. Kichan, N. and Parakash, K. (2017), "Smart city and smart tourism: acase of Dubai". Sustainability Journal, www. Mdpi. com/journal/sustainability. 9 (12), 2279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.07.001.
Salem, F. A. (2016). "Smart City for Public Value: Digital Transformation through Agil Govermance- The Case of Smart Dubai": World Government Summit Publications, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2733632.
Sehleanu, M. (2019)., Analysis of foreign participation in the share capital of companies from the counties of North-West region of Romania. Orad. J. Bus. Econ. 4, 7–16. ISSN 2501-1596.
Seung Ko, Tae., Byeong-Joo Kim., Jeong-Woo Jwa., (2022)., Smart Tourism Information System and IoT Data Collection Devices for Location-based Tourism and Tourist Safety Services., International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 310-406. https://doi.org/10.17703/IJACT.2022.10.1.310.
Shaturaev, Jakhongir., (2022)., Economies and Management as A Result of The Fourth Industrial Revolution: An Education Perspective., Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Technology 3 (1) (2022) 51-58. doi: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijert.v3i1.45652.
Smirnov, A. Kashevnik, A. Balandin, S. I. and Laizane, S. (2013). "Intelligent mobile tourist guide context-based approach and implementation". Springer-Verly Berlin Heidelberg. LNCS, 8121, 94–106. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-40316-3_9
Sparks, J. T. and Besty H. M. (2015). "Factors influencing business intelligence system use in decision making and organizational performance", International Journal of Sustainable Strategic Management., 5 (1), 31-54.
Tribe, J. and Mkono, M. (2017). "Not such smarttourism? The concept of e-lienation", Annals of Tourism Research 66, 105-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.07.001.
Vinod Kumar, T. M. (2014) Towards Smart Cities in India, In: Vinod Komar, TM (ed) Geographic Information System for Smart Cities, Copal Publishing Group, New Delhi, 325-392. ISBN: 9788-1924-733-52.
Vinod Kumar, T. M. and Bharat. D. (2017). « Smart Economy in Smart Cities". Springer, 3-76. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-1610-3_1.
Wang, D. Xiang, R. and Yunpeng, L. (2013). "Chinas smart tourism destination initiative: A taste of the service-dominant Logic". Journal of Destination marketing and management, 2 (2), 59-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2013.05.004
Wang, X. Li, X. R. Zhen, F. and Zhang, J. (2016). "How smart is your tourist attraction?" Measuring tourist preferences of smart tourism attractions via aFCEM-AHP and IPA approach. Tourism Management,54,309-320.
Xiang, Z. and Fesenmiaer, D. R. (2017). "Big Data Analytics, Tourism Design and Smart Tourism". Analytics in Smart Tourism design,, Springer,299-307. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-44263-1_17
Yang, Wenhua., Lin, Yigang., (2022), Research on the interactive operations research model of e-commerce tourism resources business based on big data and circular economy concept, Journal of Enterprise Information Management,Vol. 35 No. 4/5, pp.1348-1373. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-12-2020-0520
Zhuang, C. (2015). "Study on Innovative Design of Chinese Smart Tourism Products Based on Congzhou Urban Planning Project". Based on Cangzhou Urban Planning Project. Springer, 299-307.
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باقری، مسلم.، نیکبخت، امین.، (1399)، از انقلاب صنعتی چهارم تا صنعت گردشگری 4.0، چهارمین کنفرانس بین‌المللی سالانه تحولات نوین در مدیریت، اقتصاد و حسابداری.
تقوی فرد، م.، اسدیان اردکانی، ف.، (1396). «ارائه الگوی توسعه گردشگری الکترونیک با رویکرد مدل‌سازی ساختاری-تفسیری». مجله مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری. 33 (11)، 19-39. doi: https://doi.org/10.22054/tms.2016.4162
دشت لعلی، زهرا.، علیقلی، منصوره.، نوربخش، س کامران.، (1398). شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر گردشگری هوشمند در ایران (مطالعه موردی: اصفهان)، فصلنامه مدیریت بازرگانی، شماره 8..
رسول زاده، ای.، میرمحمدتبار، س.، عدلی پور، س. م.، زینی وند، ی. (1396). فرصت‌ها و محدودیت‌های صنعت گردشگری در ایران. مجله مطالعات جامعه شناسی، 8 (30) 63-80.
زنگویی، فرنوش.، خرازی. م. الف.، زهرا.، صالحی. سه، جمشید.، (1399)، شناسایی مؤلفه‌های هوشمند سازی صنعت گردشگری در ایران، مجله علمی مطالعات مدیریت کسب‌وکار هوشمند - سال هشتم - شماره 3.doi: 10.22054/IMS.2020.47173.1607
شیرخدایی، میثم.، فلاح لاجیمی، حمیدرضا.، فضل‌الله تبار لداری، مریم. (1397). «استفاده ضد بازاریابی تنباکو و اولویت‌بندی استراتژی‌ها با استفاده از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره»، مجله مدیریت بازرگانی، 10 (3)، 547-566.
doi: 10.22059/jibm.2018.249042.2895
کوکبی، لیلا.، برمایه ور، بهنود.، (1398). ایجاد یک فضای هوشمند گردشگری از طریق تعاملات دیجیتالی: پیشنهاد یک مدل مفهومی سایبرپارک، مجله گردشگری شهری جلد. 7، شماره 1. doi: 10.22059/JUT.2019.281556.657
محقر، علی. حسینی دهشیری.، سید جلال‌الدین، عرب، علیرضا. (1397). بررسی و ارزیابی ریسک‌های پروژه بر اساس بهترین و بدترین رویکرد. تحقیق مدیریت منابع سازمانی. 2 (7)، 157-173.
مرادی، محمدعلی.، هدایتی، محمدرضا.، (1397). طراحی مدل تکاملی گذار ایران به اقتصاد دیجیتال. مجله تحقیقات اقتصادی. 68 (18)، 219-2 51. doi: https://doi.org/10.22054/joer.2018.8692
مولایی، فهیمه.، کرک آبادی، زینب.، کامیابی، سعید. (1398)، نیازسنجی ایجاد دهکده گردشگری هوشمند در بندر انزلی، مجله گردشگری شهری، جلد. 7، شماره 4.
References
Badulescu, A.; Badulescu, D.; Simut, R.; Dzitac, S. (2020)., Tourism–economic growth nexus. The case of Romania. Technol. Econ. Dev. Econ. 26,867–884. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2020.12532.
Bilotta, Eleonora., Bertacchini, Francesca., Gabriele, Lorella., Giglio, Simona., SalvatorePantano, Pietro. , Romita, Tullio. , (2021). , Industry 4. 0 technologies in tourism education: Nurturing students to think with technology, Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education,Volume 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2020.100275.
Boes, K. Buhalis, D. and Inversini, A. (2015). "Conceptualizing Smart Tourism Destination Dimensions". Springer International Publishing Switzerland. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, 391-403. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-14343-9_29
Del Vecchio, Pasquale., Malandugno, Caterina., Passiante, Giuseppina., Sakka, Georgia., (2021), Circular economy business model for smart tourism: the case of Ecobnb, EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 88-104. https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-09-2020-0098.
Drozdowski, G. (2021)., Economic calculus qua an instrument to support sustainable development under increasing risk. J. Risk Financ. Manag.14, 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14010015.
Fayssa, B. Nsiah, C. and Tadasse, B. (2007). "The impact of tourism on economic growth and development in Africa Middle Tennessee State University", Department of Economics and Finance Working Papers Series, 14 (4), 807-818. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000008786440229
Giduma, JacquesBulchand., (2022), Post-COVID-19 recovery of island tourism using a smart tourism destination framework,
Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, Volume 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2022.100689.
Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, Volume 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2022.100689.
Gossling, S. (2016). "Tourism, information technologies and sustainability: an exploratory review". Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25 (7), 1024-1041,
Gretzel, U. Sigala, M. Xiang, Z., and Koo, C. (2015). "Smart tourism: foundations and developments". Electronic Markets, 25 (3), 179-188. doi: 10.1007/s12525-015-0196-8.
Koo, C., Mendes Filho, L., & Buhalis, D. (2019).Smart tourism andcompetitive advantage for stakeholders. Tourism Review, 74 (1): Pp:1-128. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-02-2019-208
Lade, C., Strickland, P., Frew, E., Willard, P., Osorio, S. C., Nagpal, S. & Vitartas, P. (Eds.). (2020). International Tourism Futures: The Drivers and Impacts of Change. European Journal of Tourism Research30., ISBN:9781911635222. doi: 10.23912/9781911635222-4745
Li, Hong., (2022)., Study on the Development Model of Rural Smart Tourism Based on the Background of Internet of Things, Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing / 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9688023/
Manville, C. Cochrane, G. Cave, J. Millard, J. Pederson, J. K. Thaarup, R. K. Liebe, A. Wissner, M. Massinik, R. and Kotterink, B. (2014). "Mapping Smart Cities in the Eu, Europen Parliament Available at: http://www Europa. eu/studies.
Matos, A., Pinto, B., Barros, F., Martins, S., Martins, J., & Au YongOliveira, M. (2019). Smart Cities and Smart Tourism: What Future Do They Bring? Proceedings of World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, Pp. 358-370.
Rezaei, J. (2015). Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method: Some properties and a linear model, Omega, Volume 64, October 2016, Pages126-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2015.12.001.
Ronay, E. and Egger, R. (2013). "NFC Smart City: Cities of the Future- a Scenario Technique Application. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014", Springer, 565-577.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-03973-2_41
Sajid Khan, M. Mina, W. Kichan, N. and Parakash, K. (2017), "Smart city and smart tourism: acase of Dubai". Sustainability Journal, www. Mdpi. com/journal/sustainability. 9 (12), 2279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.07.001.
Salem, F. A. (2016). "Smart City for Public Value: Digital Transformation through Agil Govermance- The Case of Smart Dubai": World Government Summit Publications, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2733632.
Sehleanu, M. (2019)., Analysis of foreign participation in the share capital of companies from the counties of North-West region of Romania. Orad. J. Bus. Econ. 4, 7–16. ISSN 2501-1596.
Seung Ko, Tae., Byeong-Joo Kim., Jeong-Woo Jwa., (2022)., Smart Tourism Information System and IoT Data Collection Devices for Location-based Tourism and Tourist Safety Services., International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 310-406. https://doi.org/10.17703/IJACT.2022.10.1.310.
Shaturaev, Jakhongir., (2022)., Economies and Management as A Result of The Fourth Industrial Revolution: An Education Perspective., Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Technology 3 (1) (2022) 51-58. doi: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijert.v3i1.45652.
Smirnov, A. Kashevnik, A. Balandin, S. I. and Laizane, S. (2013). "Intelligent mobile tourist guide context-based approach and implementation". Springer-Verly Berlin Heidelberg. LNCS, 8121, 94–106. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-40316-3_9
Sparks, J. T. and Besty H. M. (2015). "Factors influencing business intelligence system use in decision making and organizational performance", International Journal of Sustainable Strategic Management., 5 (1), 31-54.
Tribe, J. and Mkono, M. (2017). "Not such smarttourism? The concept of e-lienation", Annals of Tourism Research 66, 105-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.07.001.
Vinod Kumar, T. M. (2014) Towards Smart Cities in India, In: Vinod Komar, TM (ed) Geographic Information System for Smart Cities, Copal Publishing Group, New Delhi, 325-392. ISBN: 9788-1924-733-52.
Vinod Kumar, T. M. and Bharat. D. (2017). « Smart Economy in Smart Cities". Springer, 3-76. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-1610-3_1.
Wang, D. Xiang, R. and Yunpeng, L. (2013). "Chinas smart tourism destination initiative: A taste of the service-dominant Logic". Journal of Destination marketing and management, 2 (2), 59-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2013.05.004
Wang, X. Li, X. R. Zhen, F. and Zhang, J. (2016). "How smart is your tourist attraction?" Measuring tourist preferences of smart tourism attractions via aFCEM-AHP and IPA approach. Tourism Management,54,309-320.
Xiang, Z. and Fesenmiaer, D. R. (2017). "Big Data Analytics, Tourism Design and Smart Tourism". Analytics in Smart Tourism design,, Springer,299-307. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-44263-1_17
Yang, Wenhua., Lin, Yigang., (2022), Research on the interactive operations research model of e-commerce tourism resources business based on big data and circular economy concept, Journal of Enterprise Information Management,Vol. 35 No. 4/5, pp.1348-1373. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-12-2020-0520
Zhuang, C. (2015). "Study on Innovative Design of Chinese Smart Tourism Products Based on Congzhou Urban Planning Project". Based on Cangzhou Urban Planning Project. Springer, 299-307.
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