Authors
1 Assistant Prof of Industrial management, Faculty of Humanities of Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student in Industrial management, Faculty of Humanities of Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran
Abstract
Planning and decision making are the basic duties of a project manager which without them it is almost impossible to reach the project goals. In planning and decision making process, firstly, risk factors should be identified and after that their impacts and probabilities should be measured. Therefore, risk management is a critical part of the project management and, ignorance of risk factors is one of the primary causes for the project to be failed. The purpose of this paper is to measure risk factors of IT projects .In this research, 13 main factors are identified, then, based on literature and experts opinion these factors are categorized in 3 groups (project factors, software factors, and internal and external organizational factors). Finally, using Monte Carlo simulation, risk associated with each factor is quantified. As the results of this research show “recourse” is the main factor for IT project. To be effective, managers need to consider suitable strategies in order to decrease the dangers related to the possible risks in the resources.
Keywords
آسوشه, ع., دیواندری, د., کرمی, ا., و یزدانی, ح. (1388). شناسایی عوامل حیاتی موفقیت در مدیریت ریسک برون‌سپاری سیستمهای اطلاعاتی در بانک‌های تجاری ایران. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 1(3), 3-18.
مغدانی, ر., شاهبندرزاده, ح., و سلیمی فرد, خ. (2011). ارزیابی مهم‌ترین ریسک پروژه‌های فناوری اطلاعات با رویکرد کارت امتیازی متوازن: تلفیق فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای فازی و دیمتل. چهارمین کنفرانس ایرانی پژوهش در عملیات، رشت: انجمن پژوهش در عملیات, 222-224.
موسوی, پ., یوسفی زنوز, ر., و حسن‌پور, ا. (1394). شناسایی ریسک‌های امنیت اطلاعات سازمانی با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی در صنعت بانکداری. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 8(1), 163-174.
موسیخانی, م., محمدی, ش., و مدیری آثاری, م. (1390). تعیین عوامل کلیدی موفقیت در مدیریت ریسک پروژه‌های فناوری اطلاعات در سازمانهای مجازی. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 3(6), 127-144.
Liu, S., & Deng, Z. (2015). How environment risks moderate the effect of control on performance in information technology projects: Perspectives of project managers and user liaisons. International Journal of Information Management, 35(1), 80-97.
Aubert, B., Dussault, S., Patry, M., & Rivard, S. (1999). Managing the Risk of IT Outsourcing. Hawaii International Conference on System Science.
Bahli, B., & Rivard, S. (2005). Validating measures of information technology outsourcing risk factors. Omega, 175-178.
Barki, H., Rivard, S., & Talbot, J. (2003). Toward an assessment of software development risk. Journal of Management Information Systems, 201-225.
Barreto, H., & Howland, F. (2006). Using Monte Carlo Simulation With Microsoft Excel. NewYork City: Cambridge University Press.
Bhattacharya, S., Behara, R., & Gundersen, D. (2003). Business risk perspectives on information systems outsourcing. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 75-93.
Bîzoi, M., Maria Suduc, A., Gorghiu, G., & Monica Gorghiu, L. (2010). Risk assessment of information and communication technology use in multinational educational projects. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2836–2840.
Bohem, M. (1991). Software risk management: principles and practices. IEEEX Software, 32-41.
Chen, c. (2015). Risk-bearing capacity as a new dimension to the analysis of project governanceOriginal. International Journal of Project Management, 32(6), 1195-1205.
Chou, D. (2009). Information systems outsourcing life cycle and risks analysis. Computer Standards & Interfaces,, 1036–1043.
DasAundhe, M., & Mathew, S. K. (2009). Risks inoff shore IT outsourcing: A service provider perspective. European Management Journal, 418– 428.
Fan, M., Pai Lin, N., & Sheu, C. (2007). Choosing a project risk-handling strategy: An analytical model. International journal of production economics, 700-713.
Jiang, J., & Klein, G. (2001). Information System Success as Impacted by Risks and Development Strategies. Transportation on Engineering Management, 46-55.
Lacity, M., Khan, S., & Willcocks. (2009). A review of the IT outsourcing literature: Insights for practice. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 130-146.
McFarlan, w., McKenney, J., & Cash, J. (1992). Corporate Information Systems Management. Irwin and Boston publisher.
Reed, A. H., & Knight , L. V. (2012). Technology Related Risks on Virtual Software Development Projects. International Journal of Information Technology Project Management (IJITPM), 3(1), 1-14.
Robinson, M., & Kalakota, R. (2004). Offshore Outsourcing: Business Models, ROI and Best Practices. Mivar Press,Inc.Alpharetta.
Skelton, M., & Thamhain, H. (2003). The Human Side of Managing Risks in High-Tech Product Developments. IEEEX, 600-605.
Wan, J., Zhu, S., & Wang, Y. (2008). Empirical Analysis on Risk Factors of IT Service Management Project Implementation. IEEEX, 1-4.
Xing, W., & Jian, H. (2009). Risk Analysis of Construction Schedule Based on Monte Carlo Simulation. IEEEX, 1-14.
Yinghong, Z., & Changyong, L. (2011). The Research on the Risks & the Countermeasures of the Distributed IT Projects. IEEE, 16-22.
Zandi, F., & Tavana, M. (2011). A fuzzy goal programming model for strategic information technology investment assessment. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 172-196.
آسوشه, ع., دیواندری, د., کرمی, ا., و یزدانی, ح. (1388). شناسایی عوامل حیاتی موفقیت در مدیریت ریسک برون‌سپاری سیستمهای اطلاعاتی در بانک‌های تجاری ایران. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 1(3), 3-18.
مغدانی, ر., شاهبندرزاده, ح., و سلیمی فرد, خ. (2011). ارزیابی مهم‌ترین ریسک پروژه‌های فناوری اطلاعات با رویکرد کارت امتیازی متوازن: تلفیق فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای فازی و دیمتل. چهارمین کنفرانس ایرانی پژوهش در عملیات، رشت: انجمن پژوهش در عملیات, 222-224.
موسوی, پ., یوسفی زنوز, ر., و حسن‌پور, ا. (1394). شناسایی ریسک‌های امنیت اطلاعات سازمانی با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی در صنعت بانکداری. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 8(1), 163-174.
موسیخانی, م., محمدی, ش., و مدیری آثاری, م. (1390). تعیین عوامل کلیدی موفقیت در مدیریت ریسک پروژه‌های فناوری اطلاعات در سازمانهای مجازی. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 3(6), 127-144.
Liu, S., & Deng, Z. (2015). How environment risks moderate the effect of control on performance in information technology projects: Perspectives of project managers and user liaisons. International Journal of Information Management, 35(1), 80-97.
Aubert, B., Dussault, S., Patry, M., & Rivard, S. (1999). Managing the Risk of IT Outsourcing. Hawaii International Conference on System Science.
Bahli, B., & Rivard, S. (2005). Validating measures of information technology outsourcing risk factors. Omega, 175-178.
Barki, H., Rivard, S., & Talbot, J. (2003). Toward an assessment of software development risk. Journal of Management Information Systems, 201-225.
Barreto, H., & Howland, F. (2006). Using Monte Carlo Simulation With Microsoft Excel. NewYork City: Cambridge University Press.
Bhattacharya, S., Behara, R., & Gundersen, D. (2003). Business risk perspectives on information systems outsourcing. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 75-93.
Bîzoi, M., Maria Suduc, A., Gorghiu, G., & Monica Gorghiu, L. (2010). Risk assessment of information and communication technology use in multinational educational projects. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2836–2840.
Bohem, M. (1991). Software risk management: principles and practices. IEEEX Software, 32-41.
Chen, c. (2015). Risk-bearing capacity as a new dimension to the analysis of project governanceOriginal. International Journal of Project Management, 32(6), 1195-1205.
Chou, D. (2009). Information systems outsourcing life cycle and risks analysis. Computer Standards & Interfaces,, 1036–1043.
DasAundhe, M., & Mathew, S. K. (2009). Risks inoff shore IT outsourcing: A service provider perspective. European Management Journal, 418– 428.
Fan, M., Pai Lin, N., & Sheu, C. (2007). Choosing a project risk-handling strategy: An analytical model. International journal of production economics, 700-713.
Jiang, J., & Klein, G. (2001). Information System Success as Impacted by Risks and Development Strategies. Transportation on Engineering Management, 46-55.
Lacity, M., Khan, S., & Willcocks. (2009). A review of the IT outsourcing literature: Insights for practice. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 130-146.
McFarlan, w., McKenney, J., & Cash, J. (1992). Corporate Information Systems Management. Irwin and Boston publisher.
Reed, A. H., & Knight , L. V. (2012). Technology Related Risks on Virtual Software Development Projects. International Journal of Information Technology Project Management (IJITPM), 3(1), 1-14.
Robinson, M., & Kalakota, R. (2004). Offshore Outsourcing: Business Models, ROI and Best Practices. Mivar Press,Inc.Alpharetta.
Skelton, M., & Thamhain, H. (2003). The Human Side of Managing Risks in High-Tech Product Developments. IEEEX, 600-605.
Wan, J., Zhu, S., & Wang, Y. (2008). Empirical Analysis on Risk Factors of IT Service Management Project Implementation. IEEEX, 1-4.
Xing, W., & Jian, H. (2009). Risk Analysis of Construction Schedule Based on Monte Carlo Simulation. IEEEX, 1-14.
Yinghong, Z., & Changyong, L. (2011). The Research on the Risks & the Countermeasures of the Distributed IT Projects. IEEE, 16-22.
Zandi, F., & Tavana, M. (2011). A fuzzy goal programming model for strategic information technology investment assessment. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 172-196.
آسوشه, ع., دیواندری, د., کرمی, ا., و یزدانی, ح. (1388). شناسایی عوامل حیاتی موفقیت در مدیریت ریسک برون‌سپاری سیستمهای اطلاعاتی در بانک‌های تجاری ایران. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 1(3), 3-18.
مغدانی, ر., شاهبندرزاده, ح., و سلیمی فرد, خ. (2011). ارزیابی مهم‌ترین ریسک پروژه‌های فناوری اطلاعات با رویکرد کارت امتیازی متوازن: تلفیق فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای فازی و دیمتل. چهارمین کنفرانس ایرانی پژوهش در عملیات، رشت: انجمن پژوهش در عملیات, 222-224.
موسوی, پ., یوسفی زنوز, ر., و حسن‌پور, ا. (1394). شناسایی ریسک‌های امنیت اطلاعات سازمانی با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی در صنعت بانکداری. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 8(1), 163-174.
موسیخانی, م., محمدی, ش., و مدیری آثاری, م. (1390). تعیین عوامل کلیدی موفقیت در مدیریت ریسک پروژه‌های فناوری اطلاعات در سازمانهای مجازی. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات, 3(6), 127-144.
Liu, S., & Deng, Z. (2015). How environment risks moderate the effect of control on performance in information technology projects: Perspectives of project managers and user liaisons. International Journal of Information Management, 35(1), 80-97.
Aubert, B., Dussault, S., Patry, M., & Rivard, S. (1999). Managing the Risk of IT Outsourcing. Hawaii International Conference on System Science.
Bahli, B., & Rivard, S. (2005). Validating measures of information technology outsourcing risk factors. Omega, 175-178.
Barki, H., Rivard, S., & Talbot, J. (2003). Toward an assessment of software development risk. Journal of Management Information Systems, 201-225.
Barreto, H., & Howland, F. (2006). Using Monte Carlo Simulation With Microsoft Excel. NewYork City: Cambridge University Press.
Bhattacharya, S., Behara, R., & Gundersen, D. (2003). Business risk perspectives on information systems outsourcing. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 75-93.
Bîzoi, M., Maria Suduc, A., Gorghiu, G., & Monica Gorghiu, L. (2010). Risk assessment of information and communication technology use in multinational educational projects. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2836–2840.
Bohem, M. (1991). Software risk management: principles and practices. IEEEX Software, 32-41.
Chen, c. (2015). Risk-bearing capacity as a new dimension to the analysis of project governanceOriginal. International Journal of Project Management, 32(6), 1195-1205.
Chou, D. (2009). Information systems outsourcing life cycle and risks analysis. Computer Standards & Interfaces,, 1036–1043.
DasAundhe, M., & Mathew, S. K. (2009). Risks inoff shore IT outsourcing: A service provider perspective. European Management Journal, 418– 428.
Fan, M., Pai Lin, N., & Sheu, C. (2007). Choosing a project risk-handling strategy: An analytical model. International journal of production economics, 700-713.
Jiang, J., & Klein, G. (2001). Information System Success as Impacted by Risks and Development Strategies. Transportation on Engineering Management, 46-55.
Lacity, M., Khan, S., & Willcocks. (2009). A review of the IT outsourcing literature: Insights for practice. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 130-146.
McFarlan, w., McKenney, J., & Cash, J. (1992). Corporate Information Systems Management. Irwin and Boston publisher.
Reed, A. H., & Knight , L. V. (2012). Technology Related Risks on Virtual Software Development Projects. International Journal of Information Technology Project Management (IJITPM), 3(1), 1-14.
Robinson, M., & Kalakota, R. (2004). Offshore Outsourcing: Business Models, ROI and Best Practices. Mivar Press,Inc.Alpharetta.
Skelton, M., & Thamhain, H. (2003). The Human Side of Managing Risks in High-Tech Product Developments. IEEEX, 600-605.
Wan, J., Zhu, S., & Wang, Y. (2008). Empirical Analysis on Risk Factors of IT Service Management Project Implementation. IEEEX, 1-4.
Xing, W., & Jian, H. (2009). Risk Analysis of Construction Schedule Based on Monte Carlo Simulation. IEEEX, 1-14.
Yinghong, Z., & Changyong, L. (2011). The Research on the Risks & the Countermeasures of the Distributed IT Projects. IEEE, 16-22.
Zandi, F., & Tavana, M. (2011). A fuzzy goal programming model for strategic information technology investment assessment. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 172-196.
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