Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Management & Accounting Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
2 MA Student, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
One of the positive achievements of information technology in organizations is virtual teams. By taking advantage of IT,virtual teams have greatly facilitated organizational operations. One of the important issues that virtual teams are faced with is trust. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between trust and effectiveness of virtual teams with emphasis on the role of knowledge sharing. The population of this research is virtual teams working in Tebyan Cultural Institute of Islamic Propaganda Organization. The number of 40 virtual teams comprising 200 employees were selected randomly and data was collected by a questionnaire. Analysis of data through path analysis was performed using Amos software. Path analysis reveals that when knowledge sharing was in appropriate condition, the effect of trust component on the effectiveness of virtual teams would be increased.
Keywords
حایری، مسعود (1391). اعتماد در گروه‌های مجازی. فصلنامه‌ی عصر فناوری اطلاعات، شماره 79، شهریور 1391.
رضاییان، علی. (1393). گروه سازی در قرن بیست و یکم. تهران، انتشارات سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علوم انسانی دانشگاه‌ها (سمت).
شهیدی نشرودکلی، رویا (1392). مدیریت گروه‌های مجازی. فصلنامه‌ی عصر فناوری اطلاعات، شماره 90، شهریورماه 1392.
قلی پور، آرین، امیری، بهنام (1388). تأثیر فناوری اطلاعات بر رفتار سازمانی: بررسی چالش‌های هویتی در گروه‌های مجازی و تأثیر آن بر رفتار گروه اعضای گروه. فصلنامه‌ی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، سال اول، شماره 2، بهار و تابستان 1388. تهران، دانشگاه تهران.
مؤمنی، منصور، دهقان نیری، محمود، اخوان نوری، محمدرضا، رئیسی فر، کامیار (1389). مدل‌سازی ساختاری تأثیر OCB بر عملکرد گروه‌های مجازی. فصلنامه‌ی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، سال دوم، شماره‌ی 5، پاییز و زمستان 1389. تهران، دانشگاه تهران.
Abrams, L.C. Cross, R. Lesser, E. and Levin, D. (2003), ‘‘Nurturing interpersonal trust in knowledge sharing networks’’, Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 64-77.
Bergiel, B.J. Bergiel, E.B. and Balsmeier, P.W. (2008), ‘‘Nature of virtual teams: a summary of their advantages and disadvantages’’, Management Research News, Vol. 31 No. 2, pp. 99-110.
Brahm, T. and Kunze, F. (2012), ‘‘The role of trust climate in virtual teams’’, Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 27 No. 6, pp. 595-614.
Cohen, S.G. and Bailey, D.E. (1997), ‘‘What makes teams work? Group effectiveness research from the shop floor to the executive suite’’, Journal of Management, Vol. 23, pp. 239-290.
Davenport, T.H. and Prusak, L. (2000), Working Knowledge, 2nd ed. Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
de Jong, R. Schalk, R. and Curseu, P.L. (2008), ‘‘Virtual communicating, conflicts and performance in teams’’, Team Performance Management, Vol. 14 No. 7, pp. 364-380.
DeRosa, D. (2009), ‘‘Virtual success – the keys to effectiveness in leading from a distance’’, Leadership in Action, Vol. 28 No. 6, pp. 9-11.
Ford, D.P. and Staples, S. (2010), ‘‘Are full and partial knowledge sharing the same?’’, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 14 No. 3, pp. 394-409.
Gaudes, A. Hamilton-Bogart, B. Marsh, S. and Robinson, H. (2007), ‘‘A framework for constructing effective virtual teams’’, The Journal of E-working, Vol. 1, pp. 83-97.
Greenberg, P.S. Greenberg, R.H. and Antonucci, Y. (2007), ‘‘Creating and sustaining trust in virtual teams’’, Business Horizons, pp. 325-333.
Holste, J.S. and Fields, D. (2010), ‘‘Trust and tacit knowledge sharing and use’’, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 128-140.
Ipe, M. (2003), ‘‘Knowledge sharing in organizations: a conceptual framework’’, Human Resource Development Review, Vol. 2, pp. 337-359.
Jawadi, N. (2006), ‘‘Trust’s forms and development in virtual teams’’, IRMA International Conference, Seattle, WA.
Kanawattanachai, P. and Yoo, Y. (2007), ‘‘The impact of knowledge coordination on virtual team performance over time’’, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 31 No. 4, pp. 783-808.
Lin, C. Standing, C. and Liu, C. (2008), ‘‘A model to develop effective virtual teams’’, Decision Support Systems, Vol. 45 No. 4, pp. 1031-1045.
McNeil, C.M. (2003), ‘‘Line managers: facilitators of knowledge sharing in teams’’, Employee Relations, Vol. 25, pp. 294-307.
Nandhakumar, J. and Baskerville, R. (2006), ‘‘Durability of online teamworking: patterns of trust’’, Information Technology and People, pp. 371-389.
Nonaka, I. (1994), ‘‘A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation’’, Organization Science,Vol. 5, pp. 14-37.
Nunamaker, J.F. Jr, Reinig, B.A. and Briggs, R.O. (2009), ‘‘Principles for effective virtual teamwork’’, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 52 No. 4, pp. 113-117.
Petersen, S.K. (2004), ‘‘Trust: a neglected variable in team effectiveness research’’, Journal of Management and Organization, Vol. 10, p. 38.
Piccoli, G. Powell, A. and Ives, B. (2004), ‘‘Virtual teams: team control structure, work process and team effectiveness’’, Information Technology and People, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 359- 379.
Powell, A. Piccoli, G. and Ives, B. (2004), ‘‘Virtual teams: a review of current literature and directions for future research’’, Database for Advances in Information Systems, Vol. 35 No. 1, pp. 6-36.
Ross, T. Jones, E.C. and Adams, S.G. (2008), ‘‘Can team effectiveness be predicted?’’,Team Performance Management, Vol. 14 Nos 5/6, pp. 248-268.
Sarker, S. Valacich, J.S. and Sarker, S. (2003), ‘‘Virtual team trust: instrument development and validation in an IS educational environment’’, Information Resources Management Journal, Vol. 16 No. 2, pp. 35-55.
Sarker, S. Ahuja, M. Sarker, S. and Kirkeby, S. (2011), ‘‘The role of communication and trust in global virtual teams: a social network perspective’’, Journal of Management Information System, Vol. 28 No. 1, pp. 273-309.
Staples, D.S. andWebster, J. (2008), ‘‘Exploring the effects of trust, task interdependence and virtulness on knowledge sharing in teams’’, Information Systems Journal, Vol. 18 No. 6, pp. 617-640.
van den Hooff, B. and de Ridder, J.A. (2004), ‘‘Knowledge sharing in context: the influence of organizational commitment, communication climate and CMC use on knowledge sharing’’, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 8 No. 6, pp. 117-130.
Wielkie, K. (2008), Leadership Behaviors of Virtual Team Leaders: A Phenomenological Study, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.
Wu, S. Lin, C.S. and Lin, T.C. (2006), ‘‘Exploring knowledge sharing in virtual teams: a social exchange theory perspective’’, Proceedings of the the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, pp. 1-10.
Xiao, Y-C. and Jin, Y-H. (2010), ‘‘The hierarchical linear modeling of shared mental model on virtual team effectiveness’’, Kybernetes, Vol. 39 No. 8, pp. 1322-1329.
Zarraga, C. and Bonache, J. (2003), ‘‘Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing: an empirical analysis’’, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 14, pp. 1227-1245.
Zhang, Y. Fang, Y. Wei, K.K. and Chen, H. (2010), ‘‘Exploring the role of psychological safety in promoting the intention to continue sharing knowledge in virtual communities’’, International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 30 No. 5, pp. 425-436.
حایری، مسعود (1391). اعتماد در گروه‌های مجازی. فصلنامه‌ی عصر فناوری اطلاعات، شماره 79، شهریور 1391.
رضاییان، علی. (1393). گروه سازی در قرن بیست و یکم. تهران، انتشارات سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علوم انسانی دانشگاه‌ها (سمت).
شهیدی نشرودکلی، رویا (1392). مدیریت گروه‌های مجازی. فصلنامه‌ی عصر فناوری اطلاعات، شماره 90، شهریورماه 1392.
قلی پور، آرین، امیری، بهنام (1388). تأثیر فناوری اطلاعات بر رفتار سازمانی: بررسی چالش‌های هویتی در گروه‌های مجازی و تأثیر آن بر رفتار گروه اعضای گروه. فصلنامه‌ی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، سال اول، شماره 2، بهار و تابستان 1388. تهران، دانشگاه تهران.
مؤمنی، منصور، دهقان نیری، محمود، اخوان نوری، محمدرضا، رئیسی فر، کامیار (1389). مدل‌سازی ساختاری تأثیر OCB بر عملکرد گروه‌های مجازی. فصلنامه‌ی مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، سال دوم، شماره‌ی 5، پاییز و زمستان 1389. تهران، دانشگاه تهران.
Abrams, L.C. Cross, R. Lesser, E. and Levin, D. (2003), ‘‘Nurturing interpersonal trust in knowledge sharing networks’’, Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 64-77.
Bergiel, B.J. Bergiel, E.B. and Balsmeier, P.W. (2008), ‘‘Nature of virtual teams: a summary of their advantages and disadvantages’’, Management Research News, Vol. 31 No. 2, pp. 99-110.
Brahm, T. and Kunze, F. (2012), ‘‘The role of trust climate in virtual teams’’, Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 27 No. 6, pp. 595-614.
Cohen, S.G. and Bailey, D.E. (1997), ‘‘What makes teams work? Group effectiveness research from the shop floor to the executive suite’’, Journal of Management, Vol. 23, pp. 239-290.
Davenport, T.H. and Prusak, L. (2000), Working Knowledge, 2nd ed. Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
de Jong, R. Schalk, R. and Curseu, P.L. (2008), ‘‘Virtual communicating, conflicts and performance in teams’’, Team Performance Management, Vol. 14 No. 7, pp. 364-380.
DeRosa, D. (2009), ‘‘Virtual success – the keys to effectiveness in leading from a distance’’, Leadership in Action, Vol. 28 No. 6, pp. 9-11.
Ford, D.P. and Staples, S. (2010), ‘‘Are full and partial knowledge sharing the same?’’, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 14 No. 3, pp. 394-409.
Gaudes, A. Hamilton-Bogart, B. Marsh, S. and Robinson, H. (2007), ‘‘A framework for constructing effective virtual teams’’, The Journal of E-working, Vol. 1, pp. 83-97.
Greenberg, P.S. Greenberg, R.H. and Antonucci, Y. (2007), ‘‘Creating and sustaining trust in virtual teams’’, Business Horizons, pp. 325-333.
Holste, J.S. and Fields, D. (2010), ‘‘Trust and tacit knowledge sharing and use’’, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 128-140.
Ipe, M. (2003), ‘‘Knowledge sharing in organizations: a conceptual framework’’, Human Resource Development Review, Vol. 2, pp. 337-359.
Jawadi, N. (2006), ‘‘Trust’s forms and development in virtual teams’’, IRMA International Conference, Seattle, WA.
Kanawattanachai, P. and Yoo, Y. (2007), ‘‘The impact of knowledge coordination on virtual team performance over time’’, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 31 No. 4, pp. 783-808.
Lin, C. Standing, C. and Liu, C. (2008), ‘‘A model to develop effective virtual teams’’, Decision Support Systems, Vol. 45 No. 4, pp. 1031-1045.
McNeil, C.M. (2003), ‘‘Line managers: facilitators of knowledge sharing in teams’’, Employee Relations, Vol. 25, pp. 294-307.
Nandhakumar, J. and Baskerville, R. (2006), ‘‘Durability of online teamworking: patterns of trust’’, Information Technology and People, pp. 371-389.
Nonaka, I. (1994), ‘‘A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation’’, Organization Science,Vol. 5, pp. 14-37.
Nunamaker, J.F. Jr, Reinig, B.A. and Briggs, R.O. (2009), ‘‘Principles for effective virtual teamwork’’, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 52 No. 4, pp. 113-117.
Petersen, S.K. (2004), ‘‘Trust: a neglected variable in team effectiveness research’’, Journal of Management and Organization, Vol. 10, p. 38.
Piccoli, G. Powell, A. and Ives, B. (2004), ‘‘Virtual teams: team control structure, work process and team effectiveness’’, Information Technology and People, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 359- 379.
Powell, A. Piccoli, G. and Ives, B. (2004), ‘‘Virtual teams: a review of current literature and directions for future research’’, Database for Advances in Information Systems, Vol. 35 No. 1, pp. 6-36.
Ross, T. Jones, E.C. and Adams, S.G. (2008), ‘‘Can team effectiveness be predicted?’’,Team Performance Management, Vol. 14 Nos 5/6, pp. 248-268.
Sarker, S. Valacich, J.S. and Sarker, S. (2003), ‘‘Virtual team trust: instrument development and validation in an IS educational environment’’, Information Resources Management Journal, Vol. 16 No. 2, pp. 35-55.
Sarker, S. Ahuja, M. Sarker, S. and Kirkeby, S. (2011), ‘‘The role of communication and trust in global virtual teams: a social network perspective’’, Journal of Management Information System, Vol. 28 No. 1, pp. 273-309.
Staples, D.S. andWebster, J. (2008), ‘‘Exploring the effects of trust, task interdependence and virtulness on knowledge sharing in teams’’, Information Systems Journal, Vol. 18 No. 6, pp. 617-640.
van den Hooff, B. and de Ridder, J.A. (2004), ‘‘Knowledge sharing in context: the influence of organizational commitment, communication climate and CMC use on knowledge sharing’’, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 8 No. 6, pp. 117-130.
Wielkie, K. (2008), Leadership Behaviors of Virtual Team Leaders: A Phenomenological Study, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.
Wu, S. Lin, C.S. and Lin, T.C. (2006), ‘‘Exploring knowledge sharing in virtual teams: a social exchange theory perspective’’, Proceedings of the the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, pp. 1-10.
Xiao, Y-C. and Jin, Y-H. (2010), ‘‘The hierarchical linear modeling of shared mental model on virtual team effectiveness’’, Kybernetes, Vol. 39 No. 8, pp. 1322-1329.
Zarraga, C. and Bonache, J. (2003), ‘‘Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing: an empirical analysis’’, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 14, pp. 1227-1245.
Zhang, Y. Fang, Y. Wei, K.K. and Chen, H. (2010), ‘‘Exploring the role of psychological safety in promoting the intention to continue sharing knowledge in virtual communities’’, International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 30 No. 5, pp. 425-436.
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