مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند

مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

صفحه اصلی

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

اطلاعات آماری نشریه

اخبار و اعلانات

تفاهم نامه با انجمن انفورماتیک ایران

راهنمای نگارش

فایل ها

داوران 1399

داوران1403

داوران 1402

داوران سال 1401

داوران1400

راهنمای ثبت نام درPublons

نقش منابع انسانی در استقرار فناوری های صنعت 4.0 و هوشمندسازی صنایع

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی دانشکده مدیریت و نوآوری، دانشگاه شهید اشرفی اصفهانی، اصفهان، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکترا مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

چکیده

امروزه هوشمندسازی و استفاده از فناوری‌های صنعت 4.0 به دلیل مزایای مختلفی همچون ردیابی مواد اولیه و محصولات تولید شده، کاهش هزینه‌ها و ... مورد توجه بسیاری از صنایع قرار گرفته است. یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل در تسهیل استقرار صنعت 4.0، منابع انسانی است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی نقش منابع انسانی بر استقرار صنعت 4.0 در صنعت فولاد یزد است. با استفاده از ادبیات پژوهش، 13 عامل مرتبط با منابع انسانی اثرگذار بر استقرار صنعت 4.0 شناسایی شده است. در ادامه با استفاده از رویکرد دلفی فازی و انتخاب 17 نفر از اساتید دانشگاهی و مدیران صنعت فولاد یزد با روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله برفی و نظرخواهی از آنان، سه عامل توانایی یادگیری مستمر، تحلیل داده و هوش تجاری و امنیت و حفظ حریم خصوصی مورد تأیید قرار نگرفتند. همچنین بر اساس خواست نویسندگان پژوهش از خبرگان مرتبط با اضافه کردن عوامل مرتبط بر اثرگذار بر استقرار صنعت 4.0، سه عامل آزادی عمل در انجام کار، زمان کافی برای انجام کار و نوآوری و خلاقیت معرفی شد. در نهایت با استفاده از رویکرد دیماتل فازی روابط علی- معلولی میان عوامل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که همکاری و تعامل به عنوان مهم‌ترین عامل استقرار صنعت 4.0 در صنعت فولاد یزد است. سودمندی درک شده و جذب نیروی ماهر به عنوان اثرگذارترین عامل و نوآوری و خلاقیت و یادگیری و توانمندسازی به عنوان اثرپذیرترین عوامل بر استقرار صنعت 4.0 شناخته شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

the role of human resources in the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies and the industries' intelligence

نویسندگان [English]

  • maryam ahmadi 1
  • Mehran Ziaeian 2
  • Hajar Soleymanizadeh 3

1 Assistant Prof., Department of Management Science, Yazd University, Yazd. Iran

2 Department of Management, Faculty of Management and innovation, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran.

3 Ph. D student in Industrial Management (Production and Operations), Department of Management Science, Yazd University, Yazd. Iran

چکیده [English]

Nowadays, intelligence and industry 4.0 has been the focus of many industries due to its various benefits such as tracking raw materials and manufactured products, reducing costs, etc. One of the most important factors in facilitating the implementation of Industry 4.0 is human resources. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of human resources on the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the steel industry of Yazd. Using research literature, 13 factors related to human resources affecting the implementation of Industry 4.0 have been identified. In the following, by using the fuzzy Delphi approach and selecting 17 university professors and managers of Yazd steel industry by snowball sampling and asking for their opinions, three factors of continuous learning ability, data analysis and business intelligence, and security and privacy protection weren’t confirmed. Also, based on the request of the authors of the research from the related experts, by adding factors related to the implementation of Industry 4.0, three factors of freedom of action in doing work, sufficient time to do work, and innovation and creativity were introduced. Finally, the cause-and-effect relationships between the factors were investigated using the fuzzy DEMATEL approach. The results showed that cooperation and interaction are the most important factors for the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Yazd steel industry. Perceived usefulness and recruitment of skilled labor are known as the most effective factors, and innovation, creativity, learning, and empowerment are known as the most effective factors on the implementation of Industry 4.0.
Introduction
The steel industry is known as one of the vital and very important industries in the world and especially in Iran. Despite the importance of the steel industry in the country, this industry faces many challenges and problems such as the supply of resources and raw materials (Soltanzadeh, Rahmani, & Majidpour, 2024), high production costs and the increase in the price of raw materials (Morshedi, Nezafati, & Shokouhyar, 2023), lack of global standards in the quality of manufactured products (Pourmehdi, Paydar, Ghadimi, & Azadnia, 2022) and...
To answer these challenges, the country's steel industries, including the Yazd steel industry, seek to provide effective solutions for survival, entering global markets and surpassing competitors. One of the most accepted approaches among manufacturing companies in recent years to face the mentioned challenges is Industry 4.0. The use of Industry 4.0 technologies brings various advantages such as predicting errors, minimizing environmentally destructive activities, tracking raw materials and manufactured products, etc. Despite the benefits of Industry 4.0 and the increasing interest in it from researchers and managers of various industries, there are vague perceptions regarding the adoption and deployment of Industry 4.0 (Morovati Sharifabadi, Ziaeian, Mirfakhradini, & Zanjirchi, 2024). Many authors state that the implementation of Industry 4.0 is a difficult task and faces various problems and challenges, including scientific, technical, economic, social, human resources, and even political issues (Wankhede & Vinodh, 2021). Among the mentioned factors, one of the most important factors for establishing Industry 4.0 is human power (Ziaei Nafchi & Mohelská, 2021). The purpose of the current research is to investigate the role of human resources in the establishment of Industry 4.0 technologies and the intelligentization of Yazd steel industry.

Literature Review

The term Industry 4.0 was first introduced in November 2011 by the German government at the Hanover Trade Fair (Frank, Dalenogare, & Ayala, 2019). Industry 4.0 aims to connect the physical and digital worlds, decentralize business processes, intelligentize product production processes and provide services using advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, blockchain, cyber-physical systems (Entezirian)., & Mehraeen, 2024) and ... in order to simplify production processes, monitor production at any place and time, increase productivity, efficiency and profitability (Javaid, Haleem, Singh, Suman, & Gonzalez, 2022) ). Saniuk et al. (2023) investigated the knowledge and skills of industrial and managerial employees for the implementation of Industry 4.0. The results of this research showed that employees' knowledge and skills, creativity and innovation, employees' resistance to changes are among the most important factors affecting the establishment of Industry 4.0 (Saniuk, Caganova, & Saniuk, 2023). In a study, Verma and Venkatsan (2022) investigated human resource factors for the successful implementation of Industry 4.0. The results of this research showed that training, recruitment, job design, performance evaluation and health and safety of employees are among the most important factors in the establishment of Industry 4.0.

Methodology

The present research is practical in terms of its purpose, because its results can be used in various industries and organizations to demand the establishment of Industry 4.0. Also, this research is descriptive-causal in terms of nature and method, and survey in terms of data collection. In this research, in order to identify the final influencing factors related to human resources on the establishment of Industry 4.0 technologies and the intelligentization of industries, the fuzzy Delphi approach has been used. In the following, in order to present the cause-and-effect relationship between the identified factors, the fuzzy DEMATEL approach has been used.

Results

In this research, by studying the literature, work motivation factors, work commitment, technical and engineering knowledge, cooperation and interaction, learning and empowerment, system thinking, continuous learning ability, data analysis and business intelligence, security and privacy protection, receiving salaries according to Activity, perceived usefulness and perceived ease were identified as factors related to human resources affecting the establishment of Industry 4.0. In order to verify the identified factors, university experts and Yazd steel industry managers were consulted using the fuzzy Delphi approach. Based on the results obtained from the fuzzy Delphi approach, three factors of continuous learning ability, data analysis and business intelligence, and security and privacy preservation were not confirmed due to the de-fuzzified value lower than the threshold (0.6). In addition, the three variables of freedom of action in the work, sufficient time to do the work and innovation and creativity were introduced by the experts and confirmed in the second stage of asking their opinions. Based on the results of the fuzzy DEMATEL approach and considering the highest value of R+J for cooperation and interaction, this factor was recognized as the most important factor related to human resources in the establishment of Industry 4.0 in Yazd steel industry.
Keywords: Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0, Human Resource Management, Fuzzy Delphi, Fuzzy DEMATEL.
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fourth Industrial Revolution
  • Industry 4.0
  • Human Resource Management
  • Fuzzy Delphi
  • Fuzzy Dematel
مراجع
  1. انتظاریان، ن، مهرآیین، م (1403). تأثیر مدیریت دانش و فناوری‌های صنعت 0.4 در سازمان­ها: رویکرد فراترکیب. مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کارهوشمند، (48) 12، 156-119.
  2. وارسته، م، آقاجانی، ح (1402). تحلیل شاخص‌های مدل کسب‌وکار مدور در صنعت فولاد ایران. مدیریت عملیات، (11) 3. 38-10.
  3. بهرامی، م، هاشم­زاده، غ. م، شاه­منصوری، ا، فتحی هفشجانی، ک (1402). تحلیل مؤلفههای مؤثر بر ارزیابی آمادگی صنعت نسل چهارم. چشم­انداز مدیریت صنعتی، (2) 13، 297-267.
  4. ضیائیان، م، مروتی شریف آبادی، ع، میرفخرالدینی، س. ح، زنجیرچی، سم (1402). بررسی چگونگی تأثیر مدیریت دانش در استقرار صنعت 4.0 در صنعت لوازم خانگی کشور. علوم و فنون مدیریت اطلاعات، (4)9، 292-261.
  5. محقر، ع، قاسمیان صاحبی، ا، صادقپور فیروزآباد، ع (1402). مدلسازی عوامل آمادگی سازمانی استقرار کنترل فرایند آماری هوشمند در عصر صنعت 4.0 با رویکرد ساختاری-تفسیری فازی، چشم­انداز مدیریت صنعتی، (4) 13، 107-85.

References

  1. Abdullah, A. A. H., & Almaqtari, F. A. (2024). The impact of artificial intelligence and Industry 4.0 on transforming accounting and auditing practices. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1), 100218.
  2. Ahmad, M. S., Fei, W., Shoaib, M., & Ali, H. (2024). Identification of Key Drivers for Performance Measurement in Sustainable Humanitarian Relief Logistics: An Integrated Fuzzy Delphi-DEMATEL Approach. SUSTAINABILITY, 16(11), 4412.
  3. Arroyabe, M. F., Arranz, C. F., de Arroyabe, F., & de Arroyabe, J. C. F. (2024). The effect of IT security issues on the implementation of industry 4.0 in SMEs: Barriers and challenges. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 199, 123051.
  4. Askary, M., Makui, A., & Tajik, M. (2024). A robust multi-objective MIP model to optimize the supply chain of steel industry taking into account the sustainability approach. RAIRO-OPERATIONS RESEARCH, 58(2), 1059-1091.
  5. Azimifard, A., Moosavirad, S. H., & Ariafar, S. (2018). Selecting sustainable supplier countries for Iran's steel industry at three levels by using AHP and TOPSIS methods. Resources Policy, 57, 30-44.
  6. Bajic, B., Rikalovic, A., Suzic, N., & Piuri, V. (2020). Industry 4.0 implementation challenges and opportunities: A managerial perspective. IEEE Systems Journal, 15(1), 546-55
  7. Bordel, B., & Alcarria, R. (2024). Assessment of human motivation through analysis of physiological and emotional signals in Industry 4.0 scenarios. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 1-21.
  8. Bordeleau, F.-E., Mosconi, E., & de Santa-Eulalia, L. A. (2020). Business intelligence and analytics value creation in Industry 4.0: a multiple case study in manufacturing medium enterprises. PRODUCTION PLANNING & CONTROL, 31(2-3), 173-185.
  9. Bressanelli, G., Saccani, N., Perona, M., & Baccanelli, I. (2020). Towards circular economy in the household appliance industry: An overview of cases. Resources, 9(11), 128.
  10. Castillo-Vergara, M., Álvarez-Marín, A., Villavicencio Pinto, E., & Valdez-Juárez, L. E. (2022). Technological acceptance of industry 4.0 by students from rural areas. ELECTRONICS, 11(14), 2109.
  11. Davies, R., Coole, T., & Smith, A. (2017). Review of socio-technical considerations to ensure successful implementation of Industry 4.0. Procedia Manufacturing, 11, 1288-1295.
  12. Derse, O. (2024). Prioritizing solutions of green Reverse logistics barriers with Fuzzy DEMATEL–FUCOM–SWARA methods. Ecological Indicators, 165, 112198.
  13. Elnadi, M., & Abdallah, Y. O. (2024). Industry 4.0: critical investigations and synthesis of key findings. Management Review Quarterly, 74(2), 711-744.
  14. Foncubierta-Rodríguez, M.-J., Ravina-Ripoll, R., Ahumada-Tello, E., & Tobar-Pesantez, L. B. (2020). Are Spanish public employees happier in their work performance in the industry 4.0 era? Polish Journal of Management Studies, 22.
  15. Frank, A. G., Dalenogare, L. S., & Ayala, N. F. (2019). Industry 4.0 technologies: Implementation patterns in manufacturing companies. International Journal of Production Economics, 210, 15-26.
  16. Ghadimi, P., Donnelly, O., Sar, K., Wang, C., & Azadnia, A. H. (2022). The successful implementation of industry 4.0 in manufacturing: An analysis and prioritization of risks in Irish industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 175, 121394.
  17. Ghamari, R., Mahdavi-Mazdeh, M., & Ghannadpour, F. (2022). Resilient and sustainable supplier selection via a new framework: a case study from the steel industry. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-39.
  18. Govindan, K., & Arampatzis, G. (2023). A framework to measure readiness and barriers for the implementation of Industry 4.0: A case approach. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 59, 101249.
  19. Islam, M. A. (2022). Industry 4.0: Skill set for employability. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 6(1), 100280.
  20. James, A. T., Kumar, G., Tayal, P., Chauhan, A., Wadhawa, C., & Panchal, J. (2022). Analysis of human resource management challenges in implementation of industry 4.0 in Indian automobile industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 176, 121483.
  21. Javad, M. O. M., Darvishi, M., & Javad, A. O. M. (2020). Green supplier selection for the steel industry using BWM and fuzzy TOPSIS: A case study of Khouzestan steel company. Sustainable Futures, 2, 100012.
  22. Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R. P., Suman, R., & Gonzalez, E. S. (2022). Understanding the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in improving environmental sustainability. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 203-217.
  23. Joshi, S., Pise, A. A., Shrivastava, M., Revathy, C., Kumar, H., Alsetoohy, O., & Akwafo, R. (2022). Adoption of blockchain technology for privacy and security in the context of industry 4.0. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022(1), 4079781.
  24. Khin, S., & Hung Kee, D. M. (2022). Identifying the driving and moderating factors of Malaysian SMEs’ readiness for Industry 4.0. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 35(7), 761-779.
  25. Mao, Q., Chen, J., Lv, J., Guo, M., & Xie, P. (2023). Selection of plastic solid waste treatment technology based on cumulative prospect theory and fuzzy DEMATEL. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(14), 41505-41536.
  26. Masood, T., & Sonntag, P. (2020). Industry 4.0: Adoption challenges and benefits for SMEs. Computers in Industry, 121, 103261.
  27. Mehmanpazir, F., Khalili-Damghani, K., & Hafezalkotob, A. (2019). Modeling steel supply and demand functions using logarithmic multiple regression analysis (case study: Steel industry in Iran). Resources Policy, 63, 101409.
  28. Molino, M., Cortese, C. G., & Ghislieri, C. (2020). The promotion of technology acceptance and work engagement in industry 4.0: From personal resources to information and training. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 2438.
  29. Morovati Sharifabadi, A., Ziaeian, M., Mirfakhradini, S. H., & Zanjirchi, S. M. (2024). Toward Industry 4.0 in home appliance industry: challenges and future perspectives. Journal of Advances in Management Research.
  30. Morshedi, A., Nezafati, N., & Shokouhyar, S. (2023). Motivational Factors Affecting Knowledge Sharing in Steel Industry Supply Chain: A Mixed Qualitative-Quantitative Method Analysis. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 1-39.
  31. Müller, J. M. (2019). Assessing the barriers to Industry 4.0 implementation from a workers’ perspective. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 52(13), 2189-2194.
  32. Nadeem, K., Wong, S. I., Za, S., & Venditti, M. (2024). Digital transformation and industry 4.0 employees: Empirical evidence from top digital nations. Technology in Society, 76, 102434.
  33. Nimran, U., Al Musadieq, M., & Afrianty, T. W. (2024). Empowerment effect on competence and organizational commitments: Organizational learning culture as moderating. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 7(2), 2024038-2024038.
  34. Ozkan-Ozen, Y. D., & Kazancoglu, Y. (2022). Analysing workforce development challenges in the Industry 4.0. International Journal of Manpower, 43(2), 310-333.
  35. Pandya, D., & Kumar, G. (2023). Applying Industry 4.0 technologies for the sustainability of small service enterprises. Service Business, 17(1), 37-59.
  36. Pessl, E., Sorko, S. R., & Mayer, B. (2017). Roadmap Industry 4.0–implementation guideline for enterprises. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 5(6), 193-202.
  37. Petrudi, S. H. H., Ghomi, H., & Mazaheriasad, M. (2022). An Integrated Fuzzy Delphi and Best Worst Method (BWM) for performance measurement in higher education. Decision Analytics Journal, 4, 100121.
  38. Pio, P. C., Rampasso, I. S., Cazeri, G. T., Santa-Eulalia, L. A., Pavan Serafim, M., & Anholon, R. (2022). Human resources and Industry 4.0: an exploratory study in the Brazilian business context. Kybernetes, 51(11), 3305-3319.
  39. Pourmehdi, M., Paydar, M. M., Ghadimi, P., & Azadnia, A. H. (2022). Analysis and evaluation of challenges in the integration of Industry 4.0 and sustainable steel reverse logistics network. COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, 163, 107808.
  40. Prinsloo, J., Sinha, S., & Von Solms, B. (2019). A review of industry 4.0 manufacturing process security risks. Applied Sciences, 9(23), 5105.
  41. Priyanka, R., Ravindran, , Sankaranarayanan, B., & Ali, S. M. (2023). A fuzzy DEMATEL decision modeling framework for identifying key human resources challenges in start-up companies: Implications for sustainable development. Decision Analytics Journal, 6, 100192.
  42. Ravanbakhsh, , Zahedi, R., & Ahmadi, A. (2022). A Review of Recent Developments in Optimizing and Reducing Energy Consumption in Steel Industry Arc Furnaces. Recent Adv Petrochem Sci 7 (2): RAPSCI. MS. ID. 555710 (2022), рр. 1–22. DOI: 10.19080/RAPSCI, 555710.
  43. Saniuk, S., Caganova, D., & Saniuk, A. (2023). Knowledge and skills of industrial employees and managerial staff for the industry 4.0 implementation. Mobile Networks and Applications, 28(1), 220-230.
  44. Schmidt, M.-C., Veile, J. W., Müller, J. M., & Voigt, K.- (2023). Industry 4.0 implementation in the supply chain: a review on the evolution of buyer-supplier relationships. International Journal of Production Research, 61(17), 6063-6080.
  45. Silva, A. J., Cortez, P., Pereira, C., & Pilastri, A. (2021). Business analytics in Industry 4.0: A systematic review. Expert Systems, 38(7), e12741.
  46. Soltanzadeh, J., Rahmani, S., & Majidpour, M. (2024). Technological catch-up in the Iranian steel industry: Integrating regime-based and complex product systems approaches. Resources Policy, 89, 104601.
  47. Sony, M., & Naik, S. (2020). Critical factors for the successful implementation of Industry 4.0: a review and future research direction. PRODUCTION PLANNING & CONTROL, 31(10), 799-815.
  48. Veile, J. W., Kiel, D., Müller, J. M., & Voigt, K.-I. (2020). Lessons learned from Industry 4.0 implementation in the German manufacturing industry. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 31(5), 977-997.
  49. Verma, A., & Venkatesan, M. (2022). HR factors for the successful implementation of Industry 4.0: A systematic literature review. Journal of General Management, 47(2), 73-85.
  50. Wankhede, V. A., & Vinodh, S. (2021). Analysis of Industry 4.0 challenges using best worst method: A case study. COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, 159, 1074
  51. Whysall, Z., Owtram, M., & Brittain, S. (2019). The new talent management challenges of Industry 4.0. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT, 38(2), 118-129.
  52. Yavuz, O., Uner, M. M., Okumus, F., & Karatepe, O. M. (2023). Industry 4.0 technologies, sustainable operations practices and their impacts on sustainable performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 387, 135951.

References [In Persian]

  1. Ziaei Nafchi, M., & Mohelská, H. (2021). Strategic challenges of human resources allocation in industry 4.0. INFORMATION, 12(3), 120.
  2. References (In Persian)
  3. Bahrami, M. R., Hashemzadeh, G. R., Shahmansouri, A., & Fathi Hefeshjani, K. (2023). Analyzing Effective Components in Industry 4.0 Readiness Assessments. Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 13(2), 267-297. (In Persian)
  4. Entezirian, N., Mehraeen, M., (2024). The effect of knowledge management and industry technologies 0.4 in organizations: a hybrid approach. Intelligent Business Management Studies, (48) 12, 156-119. (In Persian)
  5. Mohaghar, A., Ghasemian Sahebi, I., & Sadeghpour Firouzabad, A. (2023). Modeling Organizational Readiness Factors for Smart Statistical Process Control in the Era of Industry 4.0 with Fuzzy Interpretative Structural Modeling. Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 13(4), 85-107. (In Persian)
  6. Varasteh, M., Aghajani, H, (2023). Analysis of circular business model indicators in Iran's steel industry. Operations Management, (11) 3. 10-38.
  7. Ziaeian, M., Morovati Sharif Abadi, A., Mirfakhradini, S. H., & Zanjirchi, S. M. (2023). Investigating how knowledge management affects the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry of the country. Sciences and Techniques of Information Management, 9(4), 261-292. (In Persian)

‌

 

‌

مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند
دوره 13، شماره 50
آذر 1403
صفحه 187-225
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 مهر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 مهر 1403
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار