مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند
مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند

نقش منابع انسانی در استقرار فناوری های صنعت 4.0 و هوشمندسازی صنایع

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مریم احمدی 1
مهران ضیائیان 2
هاجر سلیمانی زاده 3

1 استادیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی دانشکده مدیریت و نوآوری، دانشگاه شهید اشرفی اصفهانی، اصفهان، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکترا مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22054/ims.2024.81718.2513
چکیده
امروزه هوشمندسازی و استفاده از فناوری‌های صنعت 4.0 به دلیل مزایای مختلفی همچون ردیابی مواد اولیه و محصولات تولید شده، کاهش هزینه‌ها و ... مورد توجه بسیاری از صنایع قرار گرفته است. یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل در تسهیل استقرار صنعت 4.0، منابع انسانی است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی نقش منابع انسانی بر استقرار صنعت 4.0 در صنعت فولاد یزد است. با استفاده از ادبیات پژوهش، 13 عامل مرتبط با منابع انسانی اثرگذار بر استقرار صنعت 4.0 شناسایی شده است. در ادامه با استفاده از رویکرد دلفی فازی و انتخاب 17 نفر از اساتید دانشگاهی و مدیران صنعت فولاد یزد با روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله برفی و نظرخواهی از آنان، سه عامل توانایی یادگیری مستمر، تحلیل داده و هوش تجاری و امنیت و حفظ حریم خصوصی مورد تأیید قرار نگرفتند. همچنین بر اساس خواست نویسندگان پژوهش از خبرگان مرتبط با اضافه کردن عوامل مرتبط بر اثرگذار بر استقرار صنعت 4.0، سه عامل آزادی عمل در انجام کار، زمان کافی برای انجام کار و نوآوری و خلاقیت معرفی شد. در نهایت با استفاده از رویکرد دیماتل فازی روابط علی- معلولی میان عوامل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که همکاری و تعامل به عنوان مهم‌ترین عامل استقرار صنعت 4.0 در صنعت فولاد یزد است. سودمندی درک شده و جذب نیروی ماهر به عنوان اثرگذارترین عامل و نوآوری و خلاقیت و یادگیری و توانمندسازی به عنوان اثرپذیرترین عوامل بر استقرار صنعت 4.0 شناخته شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

انقلاب صنعتی چهارم
صنعت 4.0
مدیریت منابع انسانی
دلفی فازی
دیماتل فازی
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

the role of human resources in the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies and the industries' intelligence

نویسندگان English

maryam ahmadi 1
Mehran Ziaeian 2
Hajar Soleymanizadeh 3
1 Assistant Prof., Department of Management Science, Yazd University, Yazd. Iran
2 Department of Management, Faculty of Management and innovation, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran.
3 Ph. D student in Industrial Management (Production and Operations), Department of Management Science, Yazd University, Yazd. Iran
چکیده English

Nowadays, intelligence and industry 4.0 has been the focus of many industries due to its various benefits such as tracking raw materials and manufactured products, reducing costs, etc. One of the most important factors in facilitating the implementation of Industry 4.0 is human resources. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of human resources on the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the steel industry of Yazd. Using research literature, 13 factors related to human resources affecting the implementation of Industry 4.0 have been identified. In the following, by using the fuzzy Delphi approach and selecting 17 university professors and managers of Yazd steel industry by snowball sampling and asking for their opinions, three factors of continuous learning ability, data analysis and business intelligence, and security and privacy protection weren’t confirmed. Also, based on the request of the authors of the research from the related experts, by adding factors related to the implementation of Industry 4.0, three factors of freedom of action in doing work, sufficient time to do work, and innovation and creativity were introduced. Finally, the cause-and-effect relationships between the factors were investigated using the fuzzy DEMATEL approach. The results showed that cooperation and interaction are the most important factors for the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Yazd steel industry. Perceived usefulness and recruitment of skilled labor are known as the most effective factors, and innovation, creativity, learning, and empowerment are known as the most effective factors on the implementation of Industry 4.0.
Introduction
The steel industry is known as one of the vital and very important industries in the world and especially in Iran. Despite the importance of the steel industry in the country, this industry faces many challenges and problems such as the supply of resources and raw materials (Soltanzadeh, Rahmani, & Majidpour, 2024), high production costs and the increase in the price of raw materials (Morshedi, Nezafati, & Shokouhyar, 2023), lack of global standards in the quality of manufactured products (Pourmehdi, Paydar, Ghadimi, & Azadnia, 2022) and...
To answer these challenges, the country's steel industries, including the Yazd steel industry, seek to provide effective solutions for survival, entering global markets and surpassing competitors. One of the most accepted approaches among manufacturing companies in recent years to face the mentioned challenges is Industry 4.0. The use of Industry 4.0 technologies brings various advantages such as predicting errors, minimizing environmentally destructive activities, tracking raw materials and manufactured products, etc. Despite the benefits of Industry 4.0 and the increasing interest in it from researchers and managers of various industries, there are vague perceptions regarding the adoption and deployment of Industry 4.0 (Morovati Sharifabadi, Ziaeian, Mirfakhradini, & Zanjirchi, 2024). Many authors state that the implementation of Industry 4.0 is a difficult task and faces various problems and challenges, including scientific, technical, economic, social, human resources, and even political issues (Wankhede & Vinodh, 2021). Among the mentioned factors, one of the most important factors for establishing Industry 4.0 is human power (Ziaei Nafchi & Mohelská, 2021). The purpose of the current research is to investigate the role of human resources in the establishment of Industry 4.0 technologies and the intelligentization of Yazd steel industry.

Literature Review

The term Industry 4.0 was first introduced in November 2011 by the German government at the Hanover Trade Fair (Frank, Dalenogare, & Ayala, 2019). Industry 4.0 aims to connect the physical and digital worlds, decentralize business processes, intelligentize product production processes and provide services using advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, blockchain, cyber-physical systems (Entezirian)., & Mehraeen, 2024) and ... in order to simplify production processes, monitor production at any place and time, increase productivity, efficiency and profitability (Javaid, Haleem, Singh, Suman, & Gonzalez, 2022) ). Saniuk et al. (2023) investigated the knowledge and skills of industrial and managerial employees for the implementation of Industry 4.0. The results of this research showed that employees' knowledge and skills, creativity and innovation, employees' resistance to changes are among the most important factors affecting the establishment of Industry 4.0 (Saniuk, Caganova, & Saniuk, 2023). In a study, Verma and Venkatsan (2022) investigated human resource factors for the successful implementation of Industry 4.0. The results of this research showed that training, recruitment, job design, performance evaluation and health and safety of employees are among the most important factors in the establishment of Industry 4.0.

Methodology

The present research is practical in terms of its purpose, because its results can be used in various industries and organizations to demand the establishment of Industry 4.0. Also, this research is descriptive-causal in terms of nature and method, and survey in terms of data collection. In this research, in order to identify the final influencing factors related to human resources on the establishment of Industry 4.0 technologies and the intelligentization of industries, the fuzzy Delphi approach has been used. In the following, in order to present the cause-and-effect relationship between the identified factors, the fuzzy DEMATEL approach has been used.

Results

In this research, by studying the literature, work motivation factors, work commitment, technical and engineering knowledge, cooperation and interaction, learning and empowerment, system thinking, continuous learning ability, data analysis and business intelligence, security and privacy protection, receiving salaries according to Activity, perceived usefulness and perceived ease were identified as factors related to human resources affecting the establishment of Industry 4.0. In order to verify the identified factors, university experts and Yazd steel industry managers were consulted using the fuzzy Delphi approach. Based on the results obtained from the fuzzy Delphi approach, three factors of continuous learning ability, data analysis and business intelligence, and security and privacy preservation were not confirmed due to the de-fuzzified value lower than the threshold (0.6). In addition, the three variables of freedom of action in the work, sufficient time to do the work and innovation and creativity were introduced by the experts and confirmed in the second stage of asking their opinions. Based on the results of the fuzzy DEMATEL approach and considering the highest value of R+J for cooperation and interaction, this factor was recognized as the most important factor related to human resources in the establishment of Industry 4.0 in Yazd steel industry.
Keywords: Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0, Human Resource Management, Fuzzy Delphi, Fuzzy DEMATEL.
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Fourth Industrial Revolution
Industry 4.0
Human Resource Management
Fuzzy Delphi
Fuzzy Dematel
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مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند
دوره 13، شماره 50
پاییز 1403
صفحه 187-225

  • تاریخ دریافت 11 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 13 مهر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 26 مهر 1403

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