نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت کسب و کار، دانشکده مدیریت، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار گروه مدیریت، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران نویسنده مسئول : atashsooz@iau.ac.ir
چکیده
اصلاحات فناوری محور با تاکید بر جامعه‌ی دیجیتال (به ویژه در بخش عمومی) در دستور کار بیشترکشورها قرار گرفته است و به عنوان چالش اساسی برای دولت‌‌ها تبدیل شده است. یکی از مهم‌ترین ابزارهای استراتژیک سازمان‌‌ها در این زمینه «رهبری دیجیتال» است. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر تبیین نقش رهبری دیجیتال و تاثیر آن در ایجاد تحول دیجیتال در سازمان است. جامعه‌ی آماری این تحقیق شامل خبرگان و کارشناسان ارشد شرکت ارتباطات زیرساخت بوده که به روش قضاوتی انتخاب شدند.. ابتدا ابعاد و عناصر رهبری تحول دیجیتال بررسی گردید و جهت بررسی مؤلفه‌های رهبری تحول دیجیتال و نیز برای تنظیم سوالات تحقیق و ایجاد یک پروتکل مروری از اصول راهنمای شیائو و واتسون (2017) استفاده شد. جمع آوری داده ها از طریق پرسشنامه انجام گرفت. از آزمون کرونباخ برای سنجش پایایی پرسشنامه و از ضریب کندال به عنوان شاخص هماهنگی و توافق استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که ابعاد سازنده مفهوم رهبری تحول دیجیتال تاثیر بسزایی در ایجاد تحول دیجیتال دارد و در این میان تخصص دیجیتال رهبر و اهمیت دادن به تجربه مشتری بیشترین تاثیر را دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The role of digital leadership in creating digital transformation in the organization (case study: Telecomunication Infrastracture Company)
نویسندگان [English]
- Pegah Ghasemi Ghonchehnazi 1
- Ali Atashsooz 2
1 Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Management, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran Corresponding Author: atashsooz@iau.ac.ir
چکیده [English]
Technology-based reforms with an emphasis on digital society (especially in the public sector) have been placed on the agenda of most countries and have become a major challenge for governments. One of the most important strategic tools of organizations in this field is "digital leadership". The main purpose of the current research is to explain the role of digital leadership and its impact in creating digital transformation in Telecomunication Infrastracture Company. The statistical population of this research includes experts and senior experts of the studied organization, who were selected by a judgmental method. First, the dimensions and elements of digital transformation leadership were examined, and in order to examine the components of digital transformation leadership, as well as to set research questions and create a review protocol. The guiding principles of Xiao and Watson (2017) were used. Data collection was done through a questionnaire. Cronbach's test was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire and Kendall's coefficient was used as an index of coordination and agreement. The results showed that the constructive dimensions of the concept of digital transformation leadership have a significant impact on creating digital transformation, and among them, Leader's digital expertise and giving importance to customer experience have the most impact.
Introduction
In the digital age, due to the emergence of new technologies and technologies, the traditional beliefs of business have fundamentally changed. Chaotic conditions caused by fundamental changes in the organization, uncertainty, lack of transparency of investment consequences and high cost of investment have prevented many organizations from entering this field (Osterrider et al., 2020). Organizations have undergone changes as one of the economic and social ecosystem elements. Therefore, in order to respond to these expectations, organizations must put fundamental changes in their agenda, which is the strategic tool of organizations in this field, "digital leadership" (Enak & Dharma, 2020). This research aims to identify the dimensions of digital transformation leadership and in order to better understand this iss Anak ue from a managerial point of view, to show the components of each factor in the form of the organization's digital transformation leadership framework.
Literature Review
Digital transformation is the application of new technologies in the three internal, external and overall dimensions of an organization. Three stages for digital transformation, which include the transition to digitalization, the digitization stage, and the digital transformation stage, are proposed, and each stage shapes specific requirements for digital resources, organizational structure, growth strategies, and performance standards (Verhoef et al., 2021).
Digital leadership includes two important dimensions of digital maturity, including what technology is (as digital capabilities) and how to lead change (as leadership capabilities). Digital capabilities include creating a pleasant digital experience for customers, improving internal processes and reinventing the business model, and leadership capabilities that include the ability to create a digital vision, engage all employees enthusiastically, focus on digital governance, and technology leadership capabilities (Westerman et al., 2014). Combining the three factors of vision, engagement and management creates a strong prescription for digital leadership. These three factors create synergy with each other and each reinforces the other over time. The fourth powerful leadership factor is technology. Four dimensions of digital transformation achievements and indicators that are evaluated in these dimensions in order to explain the role of digital leadership in the organization can be evaluated in the cases of business model (ecosystem), processes, customer experience and employee experience (Nadeem et al., 2018).
Muller et al. (2024) described the competencies that business leaders need to facilitate digital transformation. Based on a literature review, they identified four distinct sets of competencies that leaders need under different circumstances in a portfolio model labeled challenger, executive, organizer, and challenger. Yao et al. (2024) in research entitled the influence of digital leadership on digital transformation showed that digital leadership has a positive effect on digital transformation and digital strategic consensus plays a mediating role in this relationship. In research conducted by Tigre et al. (2023) based on bibliometrics and network analysis, they stated that few retrospective studies have been conducted in this field and this topic continues to attract more research because it has not yet entered its maturity stage. is in another study, Bonnet and Nandan (2021) believe that today's leaders are constantly facing new challenges so that they must adapt their organization and leadership style to the new environment. In addition, the key role of leaders in shaping the identity of the organization in the digital age and the need for forward-looking design and its active movement are felt today more than ever.
Methodology
A literature review and Delphi method were used in a mixed design. In order to identify the components of digital transformation leadership, as well as to set research questions and create a review protocol, Xiao and Watson (2017) guiding principles have been used. The eight-step systematic review process was implemented, leading to the execution phase. Ninety-two studies related to the research were selected, and conceptual elements were identified. Using Shannon’s entropy, the support from previous studies for the conceptual elements of digital transformation leadership and their importance were calculated. The synthesized findings were used in the initial framework, which informed the Delphi study. Quality assessment, as a screening factor for refining articles, employed the Okoli and Pawlowski method in the current research. Fourteen experts in digital transformation-related domains were selected for participation in the Delphi panel. The initial research framework was developed based on panel opinions, and Kendall’s coefficient was used to assess consensus. Questionnaires were prepared, and three rounds of question distribution were conducted, incorporating feedback to apply new indicators and remove redundant ones. Kendall’s coefficient determined the level of agreement among opinions.
Results
To analyze the data, the Delphi method was implemented in three rounds. The first round of Delphi questionnaire, which includes one section, was given to 14 panel members. Adopting digital technologies, focusing on the impact of digital technologies on customer behavior, strategic use of the organization's digital resources, new capabilities and competencies for leadership, the ability to establish governance in the digital age, analysis and having experience in management layers. Organization, technology leadership ability, etc. are among the results of the first round of the Delphi method.
In the second round, the final indicators of the research, which were designed in the form of a questionnaire, were sent to the experts for evaluation and a summary of the experts' opinions was reported. Kendall's coefficient in the second round is equal to 0.765, which shows the agreement of the experts on the indicators. At this stage, the questionnaire was sent again to the experts for preliminary approval. The third-round questionnaire also included two sections, the survey section and the effective factors section on digital leadership, and its results are shown in below table.
factors
Mean
Standard Err.
Kendall
Acceptance of digital technologies
4.79
0.58
31.32
Changing business models
4.43
0.51
22.39
….
…
…
…
Changing leadership paradigms in the digital arena
4.43
0.65
23.07
…
…
…
…
Focus on digital governance
4.71
0.61
30.40
Technology leadership
4.43
0.51
21.89
Kendall Coeff.
0.599
Discussion
The results showed that the constructive dimensions of the concept of digital transformation leadership include the adoption of digital technologies, changing business models, focusing on the impact of digital technologies on customer behavior, digital attitude and behavior, using digital technology to facilitate transformation and changes. Alignment between technology, process and employees, strategic use of the organization's digital resources, changing leadership paradigms in the digital arena, alignment of the organization with digital transformations, deep understanding of customers, ability to understand technology and business, new capabilities and competencies for leadership, management and supervision Digital transformation is the ability to establish governance dimensions in the digital age. Although the expansion of communication and technology can be a threat to some businesses.
Conclusion
It is clear that leading and keeping up with the digital age depends on the capacity and potential capabilities of organizations. Therefore, each of the indicators identified in this research can play an important role in creating digital transformation in the organization. According to the results of the research it is suggested to the organizations that in order to achieve the goals of digital transformation programs, they employ leaders and managers who have digital leadership abilities like what was identified in this research.
Keywords: digital leadership, digital transformation, digital maturity, digital governance
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- digital leadership
- digital transformation
- digital maturity
- digital governance
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