نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• آرین ستاره تبریزی ¹
• علی محتشمی ²

¹ دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد قزوین ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، قزوین، ایران

² دانشیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی ، واحد قزوین ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، قزوین ، ایران نویسنده مسئول : mohtashami07@gmail.com

چکیده

صنایع کشتیرانی در بنادر به عنوان یکی از صنایع مادرو راهبردی همواره در طول تاریخ ﻧقشﻣﻬﻤﯽ را در مدیریت یهینه کسب و کار ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ کشور دارا و همچنین براﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﮐﺸﻮر نیز ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار میباشند. وﺿﻌﯿﺖ آﯾﻨﺪه مدیریت کسب و کار ﺑﻨﺎدر ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاند در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰی ﺷﺪه، دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎوری نوین برای هوشمندسازی، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎزی ﺑﺮ ﺑﻨﺎدررا ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮐرد. بنابراین بنادر باید ﺑﺮای ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و برای ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ کسب و کار ﺧﻮد، با توجه به ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژی و دﯾﮕﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰی ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. در ﺣﻮزه ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ درﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻋﻤﺪه ای در ﻓﻨﺎوری ﮐﺸﺘﯿﺮاﻧﯽ رخ داده اﺳﺖ و روﻧﺪ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات در آﯾﻨﺪه بیشتر ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد، ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻓﻨﺎوری و ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻼت ﺑﻨﺪر اﺛﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ دارد. به همین منظور، برای ارتقا صنعت بنادر و کشتیرانی، در این مقاله ابتدا شاخصهای اصلی ارزیابی بنادر سبز و هوشمند از طریق مطالعه کتابخانه ای شناسایی و سپس با استفاده از رویکرد تحلیل تماتیک مصاحبه انجام گرفت و الگوی مفهومی پژوهش ترسیم شد. سپس،الگوی نهایی بدست امده و همینطور تمامی شاخصها در الگوی ترسیمی پژوهش جداگانه با استفاده از استنتاج فازی (FIS) در نرم افزار متلب مورد ارزیابی قرار میگیرد که از آن می توان برای ارزیابی شاخصهای هوشمندی و زیست محیطی در بنادر کشور جهت بررسی مدیریت کسب کار هوشمند برای اولین بار استفاده نمود. در همین راستا بر روی بندر انزلی یکی از بنادر مهم کشور به عنوان یک نمونه واقعی پیاده سازی و نتیجه گیری خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• "بنادر ترانزیتی"
• "عامل های هوشمندی مدیریت کسب و کار بنادر"
• "عامل سبز بودن"
• "تحلیل تماتیک"
• " استنتاج فازی"

موضوعات

• رویکردهای مدیریتی در حوزه کسب‌ وکار هوشمند

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a conceptual model for smart green business management in the country's ports

نویسندگان [English]

• Aryan Setareh Tabrizi ¹
• Ali Mohtashami ²

¹ PhD. Student of Industrial Management, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, , Qazvin, Iran

² Associate Professor of Department of Industrial Management, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran Corresponding Author: mohtashami07@gmail.com

چکیده [English]

Shipping industries in ports, as one of the main and strategic industries, have always performed an important role in the optimized management of the transportation business in a country. Moreover, it has an impact on the country's economy. The future status of port’s business management can be seen in planning and forecasting, access to new technology in order to smartness, access to logistics, increase in specialized human resources and the impact of ports globalization. For this reason, the ports have to provide their services in a sutaible way in order to plan for their business development and supply demands. Also, the process of these changes in the future will be more than that, it will have a direct impact on the technology and facilities of the port. According to the mentioned points, in this article, in order to promote the ports and shipping industry, in the first step, the main indicators of green and smart ports are identified by library study, and then interviews are conducted with thematic analysis system approach. Next, the conceptual model of the research was drawn.Consequently, each index in the drawn pattern and the final index are evaluated in MATLAB software by Fuzzy Inference. As result of that, it is possible to determine the smartness and environmental indicators in the ports of the country for the first time. In this regard, Anzali port, one of the country's most important ports, will be implemented and concluded as a real example.
Introduction
Ports and harbors face serious competition to deliver a more efficient and safer flow of goods around the world. In this context, a new concept has emerged, which is called a smart port (2019, Molavi). Targeted smart port initiatives seek to remove specific barriers at ports. These initiatives are largely focused on specific applications of information and communication technology and regulation-based approaches in smart ports. These rules are aimed at improving port sustainability, the implementation of new technologies and providing port performance evaluation standards. In this part, the generalities of the research are presented in the form of stating the problem and the necessity of conducting the research, and in the next part, the goals and assumptions of the research are presented. Finally, the executive structure of research and innovation is presented.
Research Methodology
In this article, two library and field methods have been used to collect information. We reviewed educational theses, foreign and Iranian published books, Persian and English publications and some textbooks. Then, the basis the questions for the interview was designed. In this research, the snowball method was used and the number of experts in this field reached fifty people. Then, the subject method is used to obtain the data and information needed to identify the indicators. Semi-structured interviews were used based on the interview protocol. (2019, Yarahmad Ghasemi)
Innovation and novelty of the research:

Background and up-to-date information on research innovation:

Research Port 360 has recently prepared a comprehensive report in collaboration with the World Ports Association which report aims to examine the activities related to the management of smart port markets in the period 2023-2028 and is intended to be used in the agenda of all ports in the world.
Through the analysis and research conducted in this report, the dynamic chain of the global smart ports industry market during the period 2023-2028 has been well studied and an overview of how ports are becoming smart has been provided.
In the regulation of technology, it can be said that a digital port describes a connected port that uses broadband communication infrastructure, flexible and service-oriented computing infrastructure, and innovative services to meet demands. On the other hand, intelligence, along with international laws and regulations in the field of environment, results in a developed port.
Some of the things that distinguish this research from other research in terms of innovation are as follows:

In this research, services in the field of ports are considered in both implementation forms combined with a strategy and which have been thoroughly examined in research interviews, which has not been seen in the articles in this way as it has been accurately displayed in the maximum research table.
In this research, all four service levels that should be considered in ports, such as traffic management, safety, environment and ship management, have been examined in the research to extract concepts and ultimately the main indicators.
The managerial and executive application of this research is ultimately the implementation of environmental and smart components in the country's ports, which leads to the sustainable development of ports.

Research findings
According to the thematic analysis, the smartness and greenness of ports is drawn in Figure 4. We should evaluate all the indicators obtained from the evaluation model with the Mamdani logic in FIS with MATLAB software in order to determine the level of implementation of the intelligence and environmental model of ports. The inputs are: 1) port intelligence 2) greenhouse gas production 3) smart infrastructure 4) water and waste management 5) renewable resources utilization 6) environmental management 7) cultural support 8) energy consumption 9) safety management 10) greenness of the ports. Considering the average value for all the inputs, we will see that the result for the output is equal to the average. For instance, according to Figure 9, the environmental model and intelligence in the areas where the value of the smart technology is very high and high, and the amount of the greenhouse gas production is low and very low, the result for the environmental and intelligence model is high. After that, Anzali port, was considered as a real model and the results is obtained as Figure 12. It indicates that the organization of this port is not ready to implement the designed model.
Conclusions and Discussion
Evaluating the efficiency of ports in terms of compliance with green and intelligence indicators is very important and strategic. (Tabrizi, 2023) In this study, first the main indicators for evaluating green and smart ports were identified through a library study and a thematic analysis system, and then the conceptual model of the research was drawn. Each indicator was evaluated based on the fuzzy inference, and finally all indicators were embedded in the form of a final model in FIS, which can be implemented for the first time in the country's port business. In this regard, it was implemented in Anzali Port as a real example and conclusions were drawn. It is necessary that the issue of greenness or the environment of ports be given priority attention by ports of countries, because for international communications especially European ports, the greenness of ports is of great importance. The issue of greenness of ports is put on the agenda, and the need to implement smart indicators in ports requires more attention, because in analyzing the indicators by fuzzy inference and also implementing the model on the real example, it shows that the smartness component is given little importance in the country's port business, which is hoped to be resolved separately. Therefore, evaluating the efficiency of ports in terms of compliance with green and intelligence indicators is very important and strategic.
Keywords: Transit Ports, Intelligent Factors of Port Business Management, Green Factor, Thematic Analysis, Fuzzy Inference.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• "Transit ports"
• "Intelligence factors of port business management"
• "Green factor"
• "Thematic analysis"
• "Fuzzy inference"