مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند

مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند

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الگویی برای بکارگیری رایانش ابری در کسب وکارهای کوچک و متوسط

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار ، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران ، نویسنده مسئول : M_azami@pnu.ac.ir

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت، ، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی الگوی بکارگیری رایانش ابری در کسب‌وکارها کوچک و متوسط انجام شده است. این مطالعه از نظر هدف توسعه‌ای و از لحاظ ماهیت گردآوری و تحلیل داده‌ها، پژوهشی کیفی است که با روش داده‌بنیاد انجام شده است. جامعه آماری را خبرگان و کارآفرینان حوزه صنایع‌دستی و اساتید دانشگاهی شهر کرمانشاه تشکیل می‌دهند که در این بین 14 نفر به روش نمونه گیری گلوله برفی به عنوان اعضای نمونه انتخاب شده-اند. جهت گردآوری داده‌ها نیز مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختار یافته مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. نتایج حاکی است بهبود مزیت‌های رقابتی و بهبود فرایندهای عملیاتی، چرایی بکارگیری رایانش ابری در کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط را توضیح می‌دهند. یافته‌ها همچنین حاکی است، تسهیل‌‌کننده‌های فرهنگی- مدیریتی، تسهیل‌‌کننده‌های زیرساختی و تسهیل‌-کننده‌های مرتبط با فناوری رایانش ابری، از عواملی هستند که می‌توانند به ایجاد بستری مناسب برای این موضوع عمل کنند. به علاوه، عوامل مداخله‌گر (عوامل تاثیرگذار محیطی) نیز در دو دسته عوامل پیش برنده و عوامل بازدارنده می‌توانند بکارگیری این فناوری‌ها در این کسب‌وکار را تحت تاثیر قرار دهند. چگونگی بکارگیری رایانش ابری در کسب-وکارهای کوچک و متوسط نیز در دو سطح کسب‌وکار و محیطی و دستاوردهای بکارگیری این فناوری‌ها نیز در چهار دسته دستاوردهای عملیاتی، مدیریتی- اجرایی، کارآفرینانه و رقابتی شناسایی شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

a model for using cloud computing in Small and medium-sized Enterprises

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Aazami 1
  • Mohaddes Nadershahi 2
  • Ali Asghar mobasheri 3
  • Sayedeh Nahid Hosseini 4

1 Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran Corresponding Author: M_azami@pnu.ac.ir

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Payame Noor University Tehran, Iran

3 PhD student, Department of Management, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran

4 Master's degree, Department of Business Administration, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a model for using cloud computing in Small and medium-sized enterprise. This study is a developmental in terms of its purpose and it is a qualitative research in terms of the nature of data collection and analysis, and was conducted using the grounded theory method. The statistical population consists of experts and entrepreneurs in the field of handicrafts and university professors of Kermanshah city, among which 14 people were selected as sample members by snowball sampling. semi-structured interviews was used for data collection. The results show that improving competitive advantages and improving operational processes explain why cloud computing should be used in these Enterprise. The findings also indicate that cultural-management facilitators, infrastructural facilitators and facilitators related to cloud computing are among the factors that can act as contextual factors. In addition, two categories of intervening factors (promoting and inhibiting factors) can affect the use of these technologies in these enterprises. The strategies of using cloud computing are also identified at two enterprises and environmental levels, and the consequences of using these technologies are also identified in four categories of operational, managerial-executive, entrepreneurial and competitive consequences.

Introduction

Throughout history, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have always been considered as a place for job creation, transformation and innovation, and they have drawn the attention of many economic development policy makers around the world. On the other hand, the increasing global changes in recent years have strongly affected the environment of SMEs and made their stability and resilience dependent on the use of new technologies. In this new situation, SMEs should be able to build their business processes based on new technologies such as cloud computing. The right use of cloud computing not only increases the accuracy and reliability of the operations of SMEs such as handicrafts, but can also lead to improved services, reduced costs, and improved competitive advantage. Nevertheless, the use of cloud computing technology in handicraft businesses requires detailed and scientific studies in order to explain the mechanisms affecting this process. However, the review of literature related to the subject shows that the use of cloud computing in handicraft businesses has not received the attention of researchers so far and And the questions related to this topic are unanswered questions. Therefore, the current research has been carried out in order to design a model for using cloud computing in handicraft businesses and to answer these questions.
 
Research Questions

Why should cloud computing be used in craft businesses?
What factors affect the use of these technologies in handicraft businesses?
What strategies are needed to use cloud computing in SMEs such as handicrafts?
What are the consequences of using cloud computing in crafts businesses?


Literature Review

2.1. SMEs
Small and medium businesses refer to businesses that employ less than 250 people. These businesses are one of the most important elements of the global economic system, which play a very important role in improving the economic situation of different countries. Handicraft businesses are also included in the category of SMEs that play an important role in improving the living standards of local communities by creating employment and increasing the income of local residents.
2.1. cloud computing
Cloud computing has its roots in communication technologies such as the Internet, networking, virtualization, and the like, and in fact, it is an evolutionary process of communication and information technologies for which no standard and universal definition has been provided so far. Cloud computing is a new method of processing in which scalable and often virtualized resources are provided as processing services through communication networks such as local area networks and the Internet. The characteristics of cloud computing, such as universality and freedom from time and place limitations, scalability, flexibility, ability to share resources and pay per use, distinguish it from common communication technologies, facilitate its use for businesses, especially sm SMEs.

Methodology

This study is an exploratory qualitative research that was conducted using grounded theory, which is a systematic method for conducting qualitative research. The statistical population of the research consists of experts and entrepreneurs in the field of handicrafts and university professors of Kermanshah city. Among them, 14 people were selected as sample members by non-probability (targeted) snowball sampling method. Individually semi-structured interviews were used in order to collect data and theoretical saturation rule was in order to select the number of interviewees (sample size).

Results

In the process of data collection, after conducting each interview, the collected data were carefully checked and the appropriate phrases for the purpose of the research were extracted from the topics. After that, the extracted phrases were examined and coding of these phrases and identification of primary themes was done. In the following, all the created codes (initial themes) were reviewed and while removing duplicate codes and merging similar codes, 66 final codes (themes) were identified. Then, by categorizing the final codes (themes) with semantic and conceptual commonality, the basic themes were identified. Then, in the axial coding stage, the basic themes were categorized in the form of grounded theory dimensions. After the end of the axial coding, in the process of selective coding (the third stage of the grounded theory), while creating a connection between the main themes (the six dimensions of the grounded theory), the paradigm model of the research was developed in the format of Figure 1.
Figure 1. the paradigm model of the research
 




Causal factors
* Competitive factors
* Improving operational processes
 








Strategies
* Business level strategies
* Environmental strategies








contextual factors
* Cultural-managerial factors
*Infrastructure factors
*Characteristics of cloud computing technology








consequences
* operational
* Managerial-executive
* Entrepreneurial








Intervening factors
* Promoting factors
* inhibiting factors
 








central phenomenon
using cloud computing in SMEs




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Conclusion

The results can provide practical guidelines for managers and planners at the micro (business) and macro (economic policy) levels. The identified causal factors can increase the awareness of managers and planners regarding the necessity of using cloud computing in SMEs and thereby increase their mental readiness to accept these technologies. Contextual factors can also improve the awareness of business managers regarding the prerequisites of using cloud computing in businesses and introduce them to the areas that need to be strengthened in this regard. Identifying the intervening factors also increases the awareness of the policy makers of the economic system regarding the factors affecting the use of cloud computing in SMEs. The strategies also describe how to create better conditions for the use of cloud computing at the micro (business) and macro (environmental) levels for managers and planners and introduce the necessary measures to them.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, Handicraft Enterprises, Grounded Theory.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cloud Computing
  • Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
  • Handicraft Enterprises
  • Grounded Theory
مراجع
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مطالعات مدیریت کسب و کار هوشمند
دوره 13، شماره 49
مهر 1403
صفحه 1-36
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 مهر 1403
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